Research on the satisfied demand for truck parking depending on the location and capacity of parking lots on the highway

Abstract

The article considers the problem of ensuring working and rest conditions for drivers of motor vehicles performing intercity and international transportation. Commercial transport crews, performing intercity and international transportation, must comply with the regulations of the European Union 561/2006, on the one hand, as well as the rules for parking vehicles on the sides of highways. To do this, the capacity of such parking lots in Europe, in Ukraine in particular, is lacking, which would ensure full rest for drivers and protection of vehicles. The known methods of substantiating the capacity of parking lots are reviewed and their shortcomings are identified, which consist in using the assumption of the linear nature of the dependence of the indicators of the efficiency of the use of the parking lot network on the parameters of the traffic flow. To increase the accuracy of the calculation, it was justified to use and develop a method for modeling traffic flows, in which there is a known share of vehicles that must be parked. The method is based on simulation modeling based on cellular automata. The cellular automata in these studies were used in a modified form. The modification consists in using a two-dimensional field with cells of different sizes placed on it. Thanks to the iterative process, the cells move in a fixed field that reflects the section of the highway under study and perform logical maneuvers while maintaining the desired speed. Maneuvers are objectively necessary for each vehicle. An algorithm and a computer program have been developed for simulation modeling of traffic and the parking process. Experiments have been conducted to identify the dependence of parking lot occupancy rates and parking demand satisfaction on the intensity and density of the traffic flow with a known composition. The nonlinear nature of the corresponding dependencies has been clarified. Experiments have also been conducted for increased parking lot capacity. Increasing the total parking lot capacity does not give a directly proportional effect on meeting parking demand. Instead, it has been possible to substantiate the boundary conditions under which parking lots operate efficiently.