INFLUENCE OF COOLANT VISCOSITY ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS DURING MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF METALS

Abstract

The article investigates the influence of coolant viscosity on surface roughness during metal machining. The field of
action of coolants is outlined. Describes the types of fluids during machining and emphasizes the positive effects of fluids on
tool life, increase productivity and reduce cost by machining with the best speed, as well as the least amount of waste and
minimum time, assembly of surfaces of satisfactory accuracy and the final choice of coolant. It is emphasized that the main
parameter of the coolant is the viscosity, which directly affects the roughness. Surface roughness depends on the feed rate, the
lower the feed rate the better the surface treatment, higher surface roughness at higher cutting speeds can be explained by the
extremely plastic nature of austenitic stainless steels, which increases the tendency to form an extended edge. Methods of
metal machining are described and types of coolants are described. The importance of such a parameter as roughness is
substantiated and it is emphasized that surface roughness is a decisive factor in product quality, as it significantly affects the
performance of mechanical components. The normal profile and parameters of the average value of roughness with
mathematical substantiation of the latter are given. Coolant samples are described and the numerical values obtained during
the experiment are given. The obtained results are graphically presented and it is emphasized that the investigated samples of
coolant reduce the height of microroughnesses on the surface of parts after turning. The most efficient treatment was carried
out using a synthetic coolant, which was represented by a third sample, which does not contain mineral oils.