INNOVATIVE 3D PRINTING TECHNOLOGIES IN INDUSTRY: GENERAL ASPECT

Abstract

The article examines innovative 3D printing technologies in industry. The principles of additive manufacturing in modern conditions are revealed. The main problems of the implementation of 3D printing were analyzed, its essence was revealed, and the main advantages and disadvantages were highlighted. It is emphasized that 3D printing is understood as the process of creating 3D objects using a special printer, that is, it is computer modeling or alternative construction, which involves the process of reproducing a real object like a 3D model. All available 3D printing methods have been characterized in detail and their comparative characteristics have been carried out regarding the principle of action, materials used, advantages and certain limitations. It is emphasized that the digital modeling of sketches for 3D printing has certain problems caused by the need to protect data, preserve their development integrity and further transfer to the place of production of parts. It is noted that it is extremely important to control the parts formed using additive technologies for the presence of defects. Due to the peculiarities of the physical processes that occur during the formation of such products, they can have not only defects that are usually characteristic of the materials used, but also mechanical stress fields. It was emphasized that, today, additive technologies have a huge potential for reducing energy costs for the creation of a wide variety of products, from the field of construction, transport and digital technologies, to medicine, food, clothing, etc. Despite the many positive features of 3D printing, the implementation of this technology in Ukraine has not yet reached a significant level. The work emphasizes a number of problems, such as the design and development of Ukrainian analogues of 3D printing tools and the physical features of the production technology itself. It is noted that today there is a need to create models of Ukrainian 3D printing devices, to develop control methods and a general system of national standards.