Strengthening of bended stone elements by side concrete plates

Abstract

Traditionally, stone walls are strengthened in various ways, including using concrete plates. However, such plates are used to strengthen stone elements while compression. The sidelong stone elements are strengthened within the help of external metal rods. Sidelong concrete plates are practically not used as elements of strengthening of bending stone elements. In previous works, the authors considered methods of determining the forces of interaction between the stone part and the sidelong concrete plate, methods for calculating the strength and deformability of such elements.

However, these works are not provided with practical ways of using such combined elements. Therefore, this article gives recommendations on the practical application of various combined beams with side concrete plates. In the article, the scheme of strengthening of stone bending elements (walls, arched vaults) is presented with the help of one- or two-sided thin strengthening concrete plates. It is shown that the stone wall plays the role of an element that provides the stability of the flat bend of the plate because, in essence, the reinforced concrete plate is a bending element, the ratio of the height of the section to the width is large.

This is (both theoretical and experimental studies has proved this) an essential feature and advantages of such a combined construction. Unlike the known techniques, the diameter of the anchors, its step, diameter, and grid stroke are selected by a real calculation of strength and deformability, and not constructively, because the joint work of the stone part and concrete plate depends on the diameter and the step of the anchors.

The article also suggests the use of lightweight concrete bridges, strengthened with one-sided or double-sided reinforced concrete plates. It is shown that such arched vault can be made directly on the building place, and also mounted without the use of lifting equipment. The economic feasibility of using the proposed jumper is that the window or door slot is overlapped with the same material as the wall.