Parametricism as a Style in Architecture and Design: Concept, Methodology, Computer Tools, and Development Prospects

Abstract

This paper explores the interrelation of the triad of fundamental methodological principles of parametricism as a contemporary style in design and outlines several new prospects for the development of the parametric style.

The concept of parametric style is defined as an architectural and design system in which all elements and complexes are flexible and subordinate to parametric logic. The primary tool for achieving such logical flexibility is the algorithmization of functional relationships between multiple parameters of all components within the design process.

The methodology of parametricism is based on the principle of constructing natural systems, where forms emerge as a result of the interaction of factors that organize complex and seemingly disparate elements into a coherent structure.

An analysis of the most popular computer programs for parametric 3D modeling has been conducted. Based on the results, a classification of these programs has been developed according to their effectiveness as tools for shaping parametric style in various fields of design.

The promising directions for the further development of parametric style include: the use of AI-based generative design; bionic and adaptive design; the integration of parametric design into dynamic virtual environments (AR/VR); robotic and digital manufacturing; and the active implementation of climate-oriented design. The advancement of these areas will open new opportunities for the parametric style by enabling the transfer of designed objects into virtual environments and by simulating the impact of design parameters on the qualitative characteristics of design solutions.

Special attention is given to Discrete Voxel Parametric Design as a novel approach to parametric modeling. Its core idea lies in the fact that complex forms are represented not through traditional parametric curves or surfaces, but through discrete elements – voxels. Each voxel can carry its own set of parameters, enabling more detailed and flexible modeling of complex and adaptive structures across various fields of design and project development.