Modern materials for sealing seams in road surfaces and structural elements of automobile roads

Abstract

Motorway structures are constantly in direct contact with natural and climatic factors. The article is devoted to the problem of providing waterproofing and vapor barrier protection against the effects of water seepage or anti-icing salt solution. The question is raised that in the current conditions of modern construction, not always proper attention is paid to the issue of high-quality waterproofing coating, which, in turn, is one of the most important components for preserving durability, for ensuring the strength and reliability of the main constructions of transport structures. In addition, in this article, the authors consider various types of waterproofing materials and road equipment for installing waterproofing. Rolled materials, liquids, mastics, pastes, and powders can be waterproofed. Waterproofing mastics and pastes differ from sealants in that they contain a significant amount of filler and their main purpose is to protect the material from moisture. An effective option for modern waterproofing of cracks and deformation joints of concrete coatings is the use of cold-applied thermosetting sealants, especially silicones. They have good adhesion, and a small modulus of elasticity, so it is advisable to recommend them for filling narrow cracks. Such sealants are acceptable for cracks that have a wetted surface. Cold sealants are used at air temperatures above 5 °C. It is advisable to use the two-component, bitumen-latex, highly elastic waterproofing material FLEXIGUM-HP on fairly responsible structures, which is distributed on the treated surface by cold spraying with special equipment. In foreign countries, the use of sealing deformation joints with rubber templates of various profiles, in particular with polychloroprene silicone gaskets, has expanded. An analysis of the factors that determine the quality of the installation of waterproofing of deformation joints of road surfaces was performed.