THE IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE AGRICULTURAL CROPS RESIDUES FOR FURTHER USE

Abstract

The Ukrainian Agro-Industrial Complex faces the task of improving the post-harvest operations system with the agricultural plants biomass. At best, it is crushed and left in the soil, and at worst, it is burned. A number of directives on the protection of the environment from the incineration of agricultural waste have been developed and implemented in the European Union for several decades, and Ukraine has only just begun to implement regulations governing the management of plant biomass. The task is compounded by the wide variety of crops, crop residues and waste. Unfortunately, despite the existing research, in Ukraine today a few enterprises use the agricultural plants biomass for the production of consumer products. The identification and classification of the agricultural plants biomass according to the main characteristics is the first step in solving the problem. This will allow identifying priority opportunities for further use of residues after harvesting or processing crops. In the paper the volumes and types of agricultural plants biomass that are formed after harvesting and processing crops in Ukraine are analyzed. It was revealed that more wastes are generated in the production of corn, ear, oilseeds and bast crops. Also found for all the indicated plant residues is found the general need for processing the stems (straw), as well as residues after the production of the main product (husk, cake, meal). Based on the modern research, it can be argued that at the present stage of development of the Agro-industrial Complex, the most rational way of processing the agricultural plants biomass is the production of various types of solid fuels.