On the question of determining the nature of the location of consignees in the study of the delivery system

Abstract

The retail supply chain, under pressure from high levels of competition in the marketplace, is forcing other participants in the process to turn their attention to improving the efficiency of operations and defining the parameters of the delivery process. A feature of the delivery of goods to the retail trade network is the territorial dispersion of retail points, which determines the dispersion of freight traffic in space and time. The existing ways to improve the efficiency of organizing the movement of material flow are historically established technological processes in the logistics supply chain: development of schemes for the delivery of goods to retail points, determination of rational batch sizes and frequency of deliveries, formation of rational routes and schedules for the delivery of goods, determination of the structure of the rolling stock fleet and other technological processes that allow to optimize logistics costs.

Solutions to the problems of reducing delivery costs, in which a uniform arrangement of points is accepted, which is inherent only for large format retail outlet spots. Small-format retail outlet spots cannot compete with large-format retail outlet spots, therefore, they are not evenly located in the service area. Existing approaches to determining the characteristics of the transportation area and the location of outlets show that the assumption of the uniformity of the location of points in the service area is adopted in order to simplify the solution of problems to rationalize transportation. The analyzed approaches and dependencies do not correspond to real processes, leading to significant deviations of real and model values when determining the operating conditions of transport in the supply chain. It is proposed to identify and formalize the patterns of the location of points in the service area, which will allow with a sufficient degree of accuracy to determine the operating conditions of transport in the supply chain.

Key words: delivery system, logistics costs, density of retail outlet spots, transportation costs, service area, format of retail outlet spots, retail.