Methodology for determining operational factors and their influence on the repair of motor vehicles

Abstract

The work considers operational factors that affect the technical condition of motor vehicles: load, speed, road surface quality, which are collectively reduced to an integral indicator that is taken into account when determining the number of unscheduled repairs. In order to assess the influence of operational factors on the number of unscheduled repairs of motor vehicles, five technical categories of roads with different surface conditions were considered. The formulas for determining the coefficients, which take into account the effect of a set of operational factors on a motor vehicle, are given. The values ​​of the coefficient of adjustment of the maximum speed of motor vehicles for roads of technical categories in different types of terrain are presented. Dependencies were found that describe the typological variable of homogeneous obstacle-forming factors that are included in the subset of significant factors of road conditions when the obstacle saturation coefficient changes. Based on the analysis of indicators of the speed characteristics of motor vehicles on routes with different levels of obstacle saturation, six types of vehicle traffic conditions were characterized. For a specific motor vehicle enterprise with a bus fleet, the following factors are defined: road conditions coefficient, technical speed and load. The most common reasons for failure of motor vehicles are clarified using the example of buses. Formulas are given for determining: the average weighted value of the total traffic resistance coefficient for all combinations of road factors; coefficients of the relative magnitude of the load mode on the road and the relative frequency of changes in the mode on the road; the amount of repairs, taking into account the integral indicator of road conditions.

The results of the study can be used by motor vehicle enterprises to determine the optimal intervals between repairs, as well as to determine the amount of planned repairs of each motor vehicle, which in turn will make it possible to reduce losses from idle time and increase the efficiency of its use as a whole.

Keywords: motor transport enterprise, motor vehicle, road, quantitative integral indicator, technical category of roads, factor.