Research of car kinematics with all-wheel steering

Abstract

The issue of ensuring traffic safety has always been a priority when developing new car designs. Particular attention is paid to stability and controllability. Increasing these properties can be achieved in various ways, one of which is the four-wheel steering (4WS) design. Technical solutions of such schemes are more researched in foreign literature on the example of sports cars and some Japanese models, the works of domestic researchers are mainly descriptive of existing solutions. The question of calculating the maneuverability indicators of a car with four steerable wheels has not been considered to the end. Most of the research is purely descriptive or shows test results, but there is not enough research to carry out the design calculation of steering with two steering axles. Therefore, this article examines the kinematics of turning positive and negative schemes of cars with all-wheel drive, gives the schemes and derives the main calculation ratios. In turn, determining the main parameters of maneuverability and controllability will allow us to assess the change in these properties compared to a car with conventional steering.

The use of all-wheel drive allows you to improve such operational properties of the car as stability, controllability and maneuverability. This is confirmed by theoretical calculations and field tests described in foreign journals. The method presented in the article allows you to calculate the main geometric parameters of a car with all-wheel drive, which are necessary for the design of the steering system.

Key words: car with all-wheel drive, steered wheels, car turning kinematics, car maneuverability, car controllability, trajectory control, car course stability, car turning radius, car turning scheme.