КОМПЛЕКСНА ОЦІНКА ВПЛИВУ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ СУЧАСНИХ БІОДИЗЕЛЬНИХ ПАЛИВ НА БІОСФЕРУ

Vladimir  VOLKOV; Nataliia  VNYKOVA; Igor  TARAN; Olena  POZDNYAKOVA; Tetiana  VOLKOVA; Vasyl  ONYSHCHUK

doi:10.36910/automash.v1i20.1037

Vladimir VOLKOV doctor of technical science, head of Department of Technical Exploitation and Service of Cars, Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2202-3441
Nataliia VNYKOVA doctor of technical science, professor, head of department of ecology, Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4097-864X
Igor TARAN Doctor of Science in Technology, Professor, Head of Transport Management Department, Dnipro University of Technology http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3679-2519
Olena POZDNYAKOVA сandidate of chemical science, association prof. of ecology department, Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7409-2839
Tetiana VOLKOVA Assistant professor, ph.d. in technical science of Department Transport Technology, Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8546-4119
Vasyl ONYSHCHUK PhD in Engineering, head of the department of Automobiles and Transport Technologies department, Lutsk National Technical University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5316-408X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36910/automash.v1i20.1037

Abstract

The purpose was a comparative analysis ecological properties of 100% biodiesel fuels the first and second generations and determination of their impact on the environment throughout the entire life cycle. It is known that biofuels are considered one of the priority directions for reducing CO₂ emissions due to their carbon neutrality. The industry mainly produces biodiesel fuel of the 1st generation, the manufacture of which competes with the producturing of foods. Therefore, the perspectives for the development of alternative fuels are associated with the transition to 2nd generation biofuels, the raw material for which are non-food types of biomass. The article shows that the use of even 100% biodiesel fuels, both 1st and 2nd generation (B100 and HVO), along with unconditional advantages in terms of reducing CO₂ emissions, leads to the appearance of other environmental problems if the full life cycle is analyzed (LCA analysis). It is shown that the technological processes of the 2nd generation biofuels production require significant consumption of energy resources, lead to the formation of large volumes of toxic wastewater and the use of hydrogen, for the industrial production of which there are no environmentally safe methods of obtaining. The assessment of the pollutants emission and the natural resources consumption was carried out using the ecological calculator computer program for biodiesel fuels 1st and 2nd generations, which do not contain the additions of the oil DP. Was shown a significant reduction CO₂ emissions compared to traditional DP, but a significant increase water and energy consumption and nitrogen oxide emissions when using even 100% biofuels, both 1st and 2nd generations. To assess the environmental safety by using the B100 and HVO biofuels, LCA analysis and comprehensive determination of environmental impact indicators were used. The results of the work can be used to predict the environmental consequences by using the 100% biodiesel fuels 1st and 2nd generations on vehicles, including in the conditions of post-war Ukraine.

Key words: greenhouse effect, biodiesel fuel, LCA-analysis, consumption of natural resources, vehicles.

Comprehensive assessment of the impact of using modern biodiesel fuels on the biosphere

Abstract