MODELING OF ADDITIONAL TIME COSTS IN THE ROAD TRANSPORT SYSTEM AT THE LAST MILE STAGE

Abstract

The article addresses the problem of optimizing loading and unloading operations in road transport as a key element of the transport and logistics process that significantly affects the overall efficiency of freight delivery. It has been established that considerable time expenditures during the execution and waiting for loading and unloading operations lead to increased operating costs and reduced fleet productivity. An analysis of the regulatory framework showed that the existing regulations were developed under the conditions of a centralized economy and do not correspond to modern market requirements.

The necessity of updating these standards has been substantiated, taking into account contemporary conditions and the characteristics of vehicles, types of packaging, as well as the specifics of goods and organizational approaches to logistics operations. The use of regression models has been proposed to formalize the dependencies between the duration of loading and unloading operations and the key parameters of the process. The obtained values of time parameters can be incorporated into the construction of linear and regression models, which will ensure greater accuracy in predicting time expenditures and in developing recommendations for improving the efficiency of transport and logistics systems. The integration of regulatory, mathematical, and digital approaches to the optimization of loading and unloading operations in last-mile retail logistics is identified as a necessary condition for enhancing the effectiveness of logistics processes under current market conditions.

Keywords: loading and unloading operations, road transport, logistics processes, transportation efficiency, regression modeling, time expenditures, last mile.