Experimental and modeling study of moisture transfer processes in sandwich panels with basalt insulation under moderate climate conditions of Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36910/6775-2410-6208-2025-14(24)-32Keywords:
panel, basalt insulation, moisture transfer, condensation, modeling, thermal protection.Abstract
Ensuring the durability and energy efficiency of building envelope structures is one of the key tasks of modern construction. Current requirements for the energy performance of buildings necessitate the use of thermal insulation materials with stable characteristics throughout their service life [1,2]. One of the most common materials used for external envelope structures is mineral wool based on basalt fibers, which combines low thermal conductivity, non-combustibility, and environmental safety [3,4]. One of the factors influencing the loss of thermal insulation properties is the accumulation of moisture and condensation within the panel thickness. Basalt insulation, having a high level of vapor permeability, can perform effectively only when adequate moisture removal is ensured [5,6].
However, numerous studies indicate that under the influence of moisture and temperature fluctuations, significant changes occur in the thermal and mechanical properties of fibrous insulations. During operation, these materials accumulate moisture due to condensation and frost formation, which reduces their efficiency, causes deformations, and accelerates structural degradation. Therefore, the search for a rational panel design that ensures effective moisture removal without reducing thermal insulation performance remains an urgent task.
This paper investigates the influence of the structural features of sandwich panels with basalt insulation on the intensity of moisture transfer and drying processes under the conditions of Ukraine’s temperate climate. Modeling was performed for three types of panels with different internal layer configurations: without a ventilation layer, with micro-ventilation channels, and with a drainage layer. Using numerical simulation, the dependence of moisture content on time was obtained, followed by a comparative analysis and calculation of the integral indicator (AUC). It was established that the presence of ventilation and drainage elements significantly accelerates the process of moisture removal, thereby increasing the operational durability of the panels.
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References
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