Сomparison of series and parallel electrodetonator network when passing tunnels
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36910/6775-2410-6208-2026-15(25)-04Keywords:
aluminium, copper, current strength, detonator, galvanized steel, series and parallel electrodetonator network, tunnel, wire resistance.Abstract
Tunnel blasting is a complex engineering process that requires precise control of explosion initiation systems. Electric detonators are widely used in underground construction, where their connection scheme (serial, parallel) significantly affects: safety, efficiency and reliability. This paper presents a comparative analysis of serial and parallel electrical circuits for connecting electric detonators in tunnel conditions. The review of current research and scientific literature on the comparison electrical network’s serial and parallel circuits of detonators used in tunnel blasting works is conducted. Based on the review, the goal and objectives of the study are set to calculate, construct and analyze the physical quantities’ dependences of electric detonator network’s serial and parallel circuits on their parameters when passing through tunnels. . The current strength in the main conductor is not able to provide a guarantee current, the value of which must be at least 2.5 A, regardless of the considered alternating voltage's value and the serially connected detonator’s electrical network. With a parallel connection scheme, copper and aluminium conductors fully provide the guaranteed current in the main conductor at the entire range of its parameters under study, regardless of the alternating voltage's value when passing through tunnels, except for the use of a copper main conductor with a length of 2000 m and a cross-sectional area of 0.75 mm2 at a voltage of 220 V. Galvanized steel with a cross-sectional area of 1.1 mm2 is not able to provide the guaranteed current at the main conductor 1000 m length or more and the 380 V voltage, as well as at the main conductor 500 m length or more and the 220 V voltage. When developing large tunnels at once for the entire cross-sectional area intended for railway tunnels with at least two tracks or highways 10 m or more wide, the use of a serial connection scheme for detonators is impossible; it is advisable to use a parallel scheme. The results may be useful for engineers when selecting initiation systems.
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