Сalculation of precast-monolithic thin-walled reinforced concrete vaults manufactured without the use of formwork
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36910/6775-2410-6208-2026-15(25)-23Keywords:
reinforced concrete vault, arch, monolithic joint, load-bearing capacity, shear strength, shear forceAbstract
The article deals with the issue of calculating precast-monolithic thin-walled reinforced concrete vaults manufactured without the use of formwork. Such structures combine the advantages of spatial coverings and industrial precast elements; they can be fabricated directly on the construction site using simple technological techniques for forming a curved surface. At the same time, the methodology for calculating such structures, in particular, the verification of the strength of monolithic joints between precast elements, is practically absent in the scientific literature.
The calculation results showed that the change in the stiffness of the monolithic joint has practically no effect on the magnitude of internal forces in the structure and only slightly affects the displacements. This allows for the use of a simplified bar model of the arch without explicit modeling of monolithic joints during calculations. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in establishing the patterns of force distribution in arched systems, taking into account the variability of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the joint material. It is proved that the local heterogeneity of stiffness in the zones of element joining does not cause a significant redistribution of moments and forces, which justifies the correctness of applying strength of materials methods for the analysis of complex spatial shells of this type.
An approach for verifying the shear strength of joints in accordance with the provisions of Eurocode 2, taking into account the actual values of shear forces obtained from the structural analysis, is proposed. Calculations of arches with a rise of 3 m and spans from 6 to 18 m were performed, and the required reinforcement and load-bearing capacity of monolithic joints were determined. The developed engineering methodology allows at the design stage to promptly assess the reliability of contact joints, relying on standard output data from general-purpose software packages.
The results obtained demonstrated a significant margin of safety for the contact surfaces in shear, even without taking into account the additional effect of compressive stresses in the joint. This indicates the possibility of effective use of thin-walled precast-monolithic vaults for covering medium-sized spans, while ensuring high economic efficiency due to the absence of costs for complex formwork.
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