CLASSIFICATION OF FUEL TYPES FROM AGRICULTURAL CROP BIOMASS

Abstract

After harvesting the main crop (grains, seeds), unused plant biomass remains on the fields in Ukraine. Domestic technologies for processing such biomass are not sufficiently developed. One of the reasons for the slow development of post-harvest processing technologies and their limited use as a raw material for fuel is the lack of classification of fuel types. As a result of the research it was established that it is possible to classify types of fuel from biomass of agricultural crops according to many characteristics. The main ones are physical condition and type of raw materials. It was also established that the most important and suitable for processing are the stalks of crops: cereals, maize, sunflower, bast and oil crops. Based on these data, a generalized classification of the main types of fuels that can be produced from the biomass of the stalks of these crops was created. It also includes a new type of fuel – small fuel rolls. The practical significance of the proposed classification lies in the optimization of the processes of collection, storage and processing of biomass of agricultural crops for fuel production. The developed classification allows farmers and agricultural companies to plan the use of biomass from agricultural crops for energy production, reduce fuel costs and increase the profitability of the farm. It will also facilitate the development of regional energy programs that take into account local crop biomass resources. The fuel produced from the biomass of the stalks of agricultural crops can be used in individual and centralized power and heat supply, transport. The main advantages of fuel from biomass of agricultural crops are environmental friendliness and renewability. Restoration, reconstruction, construction of new thermal power plants, boiler houses, power generation and production of cheap fuel for them is a relevant task today.