Perspective technologies and devices

АНАЛІЗ СУЧАСНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ КОНТРОЛЮ ВИРОБІВ АДИТИВНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА

Denysiuk V. — 2025-06-15

The use of new production technologies allows to improve the quality of products, however, increasing the production rate requires a higher speed of operation of existing product control technologies or the use of new effective approaches. The article describes modern technologies for product quality control to ensure the competitiveness of products and their demand in the market, taking into account the specifics of product formation. The most promising methods of modern product control technologies are computed tomography, which is used for detailed control and analysis of various products and objects; the use of optical sensors for two-dimensional analysis of products; the use of fiber-optic instruments in coordinate measuring machines.

BLUETOOTH HEADPHONES WITH MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIC FUNCTIONS

Нevko O., — 2025-06-15

As a result of the research, an innovative technological product was developed - Bluetooth headphones with medical diagnostic functions. Such integration allows users to receive data about their health status without the need for additional specialized devices, which makes the process of medical monitoring more convenient and accessible. Using morphological analysis methods, a structural and schematic synthesis of Bluetooth headphones with medical diagnostic functions was carried out, which allowed us to identify 20 potential design options. Of these options, four of the most effective with medical and diagnostic functions were selected by experts, which represent an integrative solution to modern challenges in the field of medicine, technology, and social inclusion. The created Bluetooth headphones are medical diagnostic tools that allow monitoring of various physiological parameters of users in real time. In particular, the principles of operation of Bluetooth headphones with the functions of a hearing aid, pulse oximeter, stuttering correction and otoacoustic emission have been developed and described. In more detail, the paper substantiates the main technical and mathematical aspects of the functioning of a Bluetooth headset with the function of an otoacoustic emission recorder, which allows assessing the functional state of the inner ear structures, in particular the outer hair cells, which are most sensitive to various damaging factors. It can be used to diagnose hearing impairments early, even before subjective symptoms appear.

RADIATION STABILITY OF ELECTRON-IRRADIATED n-Ge SINGLE CRYSTALS

Luniov S. — 2025-06-15

The dependences of the resistivity on the electron irradiation flow with the energy of 10 MeV for germanium single crystals, doped by the antimony at different temperatures were investigated. All the obtained dependences are characterized by the presence of a maximum, which is associated with the maximum degree of compensation of the irradiated n-Ge single crystals and the most effective scattering of electrons on the created radiation defects for a certain irradiation flow. It was established that the resistivity of n-Ge decreases due to the ionization of deep levels of radiation defects and an increase in the mobility of current carriers with increasing temperature. A Significant decrease in the resistivity of germanium is observed when passing through the maximum for the flows of Ф≥2·10¹⁶ el./cm², which is explained by an increase in the concentration of current carriers due to the n-p-conversion of the conductivity type of germanium. The highest radiation resistance to electron irradiation is possessed by n-Ge single crystals, irradiated by multiple smaller electron flows than Ф=5·10¹⁵ el./cm²or flows of Ф>2·10¹⁶ el./cm². The obtained results are important in the design and operation of electronic devices and sensors made on the basis of germanium that operate in fields of increased radiation.

TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC SUBSTITUTION OF METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING SCREW ROLLERS EQUIPPED WITH BLADES, CUTTING AND CRUSHING ELEMENTS

Ivan Нevko, Oleg Stibailo, Roman Leshchuk, Andrii Gupka, Oleg Hurik — 2025-06-15

The article presents and analyzes five technological methods for manufacturing blade, cutting, or grinding elements on winding spirals with their main design and technological parameters. In particular, three methods with the predominant use of manual labor and two mechanized ones. It has been established that the first three methods are high-cost, low-productivity, and labor-intensive, and do not provide high manufacturing accuracy, but can be widely used in single-unit production. The fourth method is much more effective in technical and economic terms, however, in the process of its implementation, the manufactured elements are gradually superimposed on each other, which leads to a gradual reduction in the curved profile on subsequent elements and the loss of their given geometric shape. The most effective is the fifth method, which eliminates the main disadvantages of the previous methods and ensures their production with significantly higher quality characteristics.

The results of the economic calculation of the production cost of manufacturing blade, cutting or grinding elements on a winding spiral with a length of 1 m/s showed that its value for the first method is 537.46 UAH, for the second method - 505.0 UAH, for the third method - 1127.81 UAH, for the fourth method - 166.83 UAH, and for the fifth method it is the smallest and is 148.08 UAH

MULTISENSOR MEMS-BASED PLATFORMS FOR GAS ANALYSIS

Hrebonkin Ye., Zavorotnyi V. — 2025-06-15

The paper presents a comparative analysis of various multisensor MEMS-based platforms for gas analysis. For effective detection of gas mixtures and individual gases, it has been found that measurement results such as sensor sensitivity, response time, and selectivity are confirmed by theoretical and experimental studies. The obtained data suggest that the use of multisensor MEMS-based platforms is promising for accurate and rapid gas analysis, as they combine high sensitivity with the capability of simultaneous monitoring of multiple parameters. The analysis results indicate that for certain types of gases, it is advisable to use a platform with integrated sensors capable of detecting multiple parameters of gas mixtures, providing more accurate results compared to the use of individual sensors.

STUDY OF THE RADIAL-CIRCULAR GEAR CUTTING PROCESS, WHICH IS PERFORMED WITH DIFFERENT FEED DIRECTION

Hromniuk S., Verhun V. — 2025-06-15

The results of the study of the process of gear cutting by the radial-circular method, carried out according to two schemes - with axial and radial feed. The studies, based on the analysis of the parameters of the cuts, chip deposition, cutting forces and the cutting time of the operation, showed that they differ significantly in all the analysed parameters. In the case of cutting with radial feed, the intensity of the process is significantly higher and the main machining time is reduced. At the same time, an increase in the cutting force threatens to increase the elastic deformation of the thin disc cutter as a cutting tool, which in this method performs the cutting movement and gear profile formation under conditions of continuous tooth generation, as is the case in hobbing and pover skving. This can lead to a reduction in machining accuracy and increased tool wear. In addition, radial cutting is limited to gears of small width, but there is no additional cutting path and runout, and the machining time is reduced. The optimum gear cutting scheme is a combination of two methods - starting cutting with radial feed to eliminate the cutting path, followed by a transition to cutting with axial feed over the full width of the gear.

THE STUDY OF MANDREL PARAMETERS WITH WOUND ELASTIC TAPE SCREW CLAMPING ELEMENTS

Diachun A., Fedorevych V., Grasovnyk V., Gynda T., Derysh O. — 2025-06-15

The article presents the design and three-dimensional model of a mandrel with wound elastic tape screw clamping elements. The advantage of such mandrels is the ability to clamp thin-walled cylindrical workpieces by distributing the clamping force over the entire contact surface between the workpiece and the elastic screw clamping element. The parametric equations of the surface of a screw clamping element with conical parts are presented. The calculation scheme of the geometrical parameters of clamping the workpiece with a screw clamping element with conical parts was developed. The equation for determining the axial force that must be applied to the end of a screw clamping element with conical parts during its deformation is derived. Graphs of the dependence of the axial force applied to the end of the screw clamping element with conical parts when clamping the workpiece on the geometric parameters of the screw clamping element were constructed. The stress-strain state of a mandrel with an elastic screw clamping element and a workpiece fixed on it under the action of an external radial force was studied using the finite element method.

STANDARDIZATION OF CERTAIN PROVISIONS IN THE FIELD OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGY

Sakhniuk І., Fedoseyeva І., Bytkov М. — 2025-06-15

The article considers and analyzes the international regulatory framework of standards of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) related to AI technology, which has almost 400 standards. The focus is on several key AI standards that provide a framework for the responsible and ethical use of AI technologies. An overview of the scope of their application is given. The standards specified in the article cover such areas as: terminology and concepts of artificial intelligence; control system; risk management; confidentiality; Bias; transparency; accountability, etc. By adhering to these standards, organizations can work to ensure that their AI systems are fair, transparent, and ethical.

Based on the analysis, it is shown that artificial intelligence is increasingly used in all sectors that use information technology. Taking this into account, it is proposed to include in the annual programs of work on national standardization the adoption and/or development of harmonized ISO and IEC standards for artificial intelligence.

TRANSIENT PROCESS OF A SOLAR PANEL AS THE BASIS OF A DYNAMIC METHOD FOR MEASURING ITS ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS AND CHARACTERISTICS

Simonyuk V., Bozhko K., Mushket K. — 2025-06-15

The use of solar energy in measurement technologies encourages the search for original circuit solutions. An example of this is the use of the Mendocino motor, a feature of which is levitation magnetic suspension and commutation of the rotor windings based on periodic changes in the illumination of solar panels located directly on the rotor itself. Analysis of the transient process of a solar panel provides the ability to measure the series resistance of a solar panel. This method is an alternative to the measurement method based on obtaining several current-voltage characteristics at different illumination. The development of a dynamic method for measuring the electrical parameters and characteristics of solar panels received a significant and essential boost with the creation of a means of their non-contact measurement.The transient process of a solar panel is the basis for a dynamic method of measuring its electrical parameters and characteristics. In particular, the period of free oscillations in the current sweep circuit in the initial phase of the short-circuit mode measures the electrical capacitance of the solar panel, and the decay decrement measures its series resistance.

ADAPTIVE MONITORING OF COGNITIVE OPTICAL NETWORKS TO ADDRESS THE PROBLEM OF LIMITED INFRASTRUCTURE INTEGRITY VISIBILITY

Yakymchuk N., Yevsiuk M. — 2025-06-15

The paper examines the relationship between optical network maintenance and security management systems. Changes in monitoring efficiency requirements and the uninterrupted operation of infrastructure are analyzed. Based on the study of anomalies associated with intentional and unintentional damage in PON networks, a cognitive monitoring algorithm is proposed that integrates spectral analysis of optical signals with machine learning methods. The proposed approach enhances the accuracy of fiber-optic infrastructure diagnostics, reduces the impact of weakly attenuated modes, and enables real-time fiber degradation prediction. Simulation results demonstrate that the use of multispectral analysis and adaptive anomaly classification methods can reduce fault detection time by 40–50%, lower maintenance costs by 30%, and decrease the frequency of critical failures by 35–40%. The proposed solution contributes to the development of more reliable and secure PON networks capable of adaptively responding to both technical and cyber threats.

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF A MICROWAVE ABSORBING MATERIAL

Mazur K. — 2025-06-15

In this paper, a mathematical model of a multilayer microwave absorbing coating is proposed, and an analysis of its main characteristics is carried out. The theoretical dependence of the reflection coefficient on the main material characteristics has been determined. The influence of dielectric and magnetic permeabilities on the reflection coefficient of the proposed system has been studied, and optimal system parameters for effective absorption of electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 2–18 GHz have been identified. The mechanism of electromagnetic energy absorption in a dielectric material within the specified frequency range has been analyzed. Dependencies of the complex dielectric and magnetic permeabilities of the model material have been constructed and analyzed. Reflection coefficient dependencies of the vacuum-material-ideal conductor system have been constructed. The analysis of experimental studies revealed potentially promising composite materials, in particular, graphene foam (CGF), which demonstrates a high level of absorption. Further research should focus on improving the composition and mechanical properties of such materials.

OPTICALLY SWITCHED LOGIC CIRCUITS

Tatarchuk D., Didenko Yu., Poplavko Yu., Boikynia A., Tkachenko N., Oliinyk O. — 2025-06-15

The development of information technologies at the present stage requires the development of new, more modern and more complex electronic equipment. Devices with controllable characteristics are being increasingly introduced. A separate direction of development of such devices is the development of circuits with the possibility of switching the circuit during operation without the need for its dismantling and reassembly. One of the possible ways to effectively solve this problem is the development of optically switched circuits. Optical switching provides a number of advantages over other switching methods, the main of which are the complete absence of electrical influence of the control circuit on the controlled circuit, the simplicity of the process of rapid reconfiguration of the circuit, as well as resistance to the influence of external electric and magnetic fields. This work shows the principle possibility of creating devices with optical switching of the circuit without the need to perform dismantling and assembly operations of this device. The paper presents the results of research on a logic circuit assembled on the basis of discrete electronic components, which can be optically switched as a logical 2AND-NOT element or as a logical 2OR-NOT element.

METHOD OF CALIBRATION OF SINGLE-CHANNEL ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHS

Vitalii Ptashenchuk — 2025-06-26

The article describes the method of calibration of single-channel electrocardiographs, the measurement results of which determine medical treatment strategies for patients. Therefore, it is important that the device is accurate, because incorrect measurements can lead to incorrect diagnosis and subsequent complications. Ensuring the accuracy of electrocardiograph measurement results improves the reliability of medical conclusions, and timely calibration allows you to identify problems and eliminate them before serious problems arise. The methods and means of electrocardiograph calibration, the conditions for electrocardiograph calibration and preparation for it are considered. The method of electrocardiograph calibration is described.