Perspective technologies and devices

USING THE DECISION-MAKING MODULE OF THE SMART ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM FOR ORGANIZATION

Grudetsky R. — 2024-12-28

The article presents the development of a web application, with its core component being a decision-making module within a smart system.

Based on a review and comparison of existing technologies underpinning access control systems specifically those based on mechanical locks, magnetic cards, biometric systems, and RFID technology the architecture of the web application was designed, and an algorithm for the decision-making module was developed. This algorithm is built on the proposed solutions and incorporates dynamically generated access keys in the form of barcodes. This approach ensures convenience, efficiency, and simplicity in the step-by-step design and implementation of a smart access control system that provides semi-autonomous, and if necessary, fully autonomous access control to specific locations and resources of an organization.

The testing and validation of the research results were carried out within the units of Lutsk National Technical University. The proposed solution is also applicable to organizations of various forms of ownership with multiple structural divisions, campuses, and venues for mass events where managing access for employees, visitors, and participants is essential.

INFLUENCE OF SPEED OF DEFORMATION ON CUTTING FORCE

Shvets S. — 2024-12-28

In the article, a study of the influence of the deformation rate on the change in the resistance forces was carried out. It is known that the experimental points do not coincide with the power line of the trend and this situation is explained by the error of the experiment. Analysis of the results of work obtained under different conditions by different researchers showed the possibility of a sinusoidal dependence of the cutting force on the cutting speed. To test this hypothesis, the cutting speed was changed by changing the diameter of the processed part at a constant spindle speed. This approach excludes the possible influence of rotations of machine parts. The results (values of cutting forces) obtained in this way during turning made it possible to predict the extreme values of the functions. They are not related to the rotation of the machine parts, which confirms the influence of only the deformation rate on the sinusoidal dependence of the resistance force.

PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION AND APPLICATION OF GPS

Fedosov S. — 2024-12-29

This paper critically analyzes recent research and publications related to the Global Positioning System (GPS), and discusses and describes the basic principles of GPS operation. A detailed analysis of the most famous (most cited) publications by reputable world scientists demonstrates a wide range of applications of GPS, as well as possible ways to use it to solve problems in the near future. Instrumentation of the physical and technical world through huge networks of wireless sensor nodes, in particular for problems such as environmental monitoring, requires that these nodes be very small, light, untethered, and unobtrusive. The problem of localization, where a given node is physically located in the network, is complex but extremely important for many of these applications. The high cost of data collection for many applications in Earth sciences is exacerbated by the remoteness and inaccessibility of many field sites, which makes cheaper, more portable geodetic platforms (e.g., terrestrial laser scanning or GPS) impractical.

THE EFFECT OF BIOLOGICAL FEEDBACK IN BIOTECHNICAL SYSTEMS

Сергій Осінов — 2024-12-29

This article considers problematic issues in the synthesis of a technical system with the presence of an object of biological origin using classical management theory. Biological feedback plays a key role in maintaining the relative dynamic stability of parameters and functions. In order to obtain the programmed properties of the system and to evaluate the quantitative changes that occurred in the system during the obtaining of qualitative shifts in the properties of the biological object, the conditions for solving the problem of the reverse synthesis of the sensor as a part of the biotechnical system were considered. The goal is to formalize cause-and-effect relationships in order to obtain an alternative to the subjectivism of expert evaluation. Reproduction of the behavior of the control system is considered from the point of view of the modeling method based on electrobioanalogies as a factor influencing the architecture and functional principles of neuromorphic solid-state sensors.

DYNAMIC MODEL OF THE WINE MATERIAL FERMENTATION PROCESS

Vovk M. — 2024-12-29

The developed dynamic model of the wine material fermentation process allows you to accurately reproduce the processes that occur during fermentation and provides flexibility in controlling the variables that affect the final quality of the product. The model takes into account random disturbances in temperature and sugar levels, which brings the simulation closer to real production conditions where external factors can change. The use of this model in practice can help to improve production efficiency and the stability of wine material characteristics.

PROSPECTS OF USING THE ERP SYSTEM “ODOO” IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ON THE EXAMPLE OF LUTSK NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

Grudetsky R. — 2024-12-29

The article examines the role and opportunities provided by the use of an automated resource management system (ASUR) in higher education institutions (HEIs) to optimize administration, improve the quality of service to applicants and simplify management processes. The article also provides a comparative analysis of solutions such as “ERP SAP”, “ERP NEXT” and “ERP Odoo”, and assesses their capabilities and limitations in the context of use in higher education institutions. The key advantages of implementing ASUR based on “ERP Odoo” and potential challenges are explored, in particular the issues of integrating this system with the student’s electronic office, staff training and ensuring data security. The process of implementing “ERP Odoo” to address the current administrative needs of higher education institutions is separately highlighted using the example of the solution developed for Lutsk National Technical University.

CONTROL OF THE VALUE OF TRANSIENT RESISTANCES OF THE NEUTRAL WIRE OF THE ELECTRIC NETWORK TO PREVENT FIRE

Dashkovska O. — 2024-12-29

The article analyzes the causes of emergency operation of electrical networks in old buildings, where the saturation of premises with technical life support systems has increased significantly, resulting in an increased load on electrical networks that exceeds the calculated values and causes frequent emergency shutdowns of the electrical network that has not been inspected in a timely manner. The article examines the effect of a break in the neutral conductor on an emergency situation in the electrical network, which can lead to an overload of some electrical networks and a decrease in voltage in others, as a consequence - an increase in the temperature of the electrical network conductors, which leads to ignition of surrounding building structures and a fire. The article examines the effect of the neutral conductor on the balance of the system and the flow of compensatory current through the neutral conductor and the influence of various factors that can lead to an emergency situation. The need for further searches for technical solutions to protect electrical networks from high transition resistance as a result of a break in the neutral conductor is substantiated.

METHOD OF CALCULATION AND DESIGN OF DISCRETE ACTION ACTUATORS

Denysiuk V. — 2024-12-29

The article describes the use of thermobimetallic actuators of discrete action in the designs of modern electrical devices. It has been established that thermobimetallic actuators of discrete action are the responsible elements of these devices, as the functioning of the entire system depends on their operation. Thermobimetallic elements deform non-linearly, cracking when a critical temperature is reached. When analyzing the actuators, their operating characteristics are determined, that is, the dependence between the value characterizing the change in geometric shape and the ambient temperature. The task of analyzing a bimetallic actuator of discrete action is to determine its elastic characteristics, that is, the dependence between the movement of a characteristic point and a change in temperature, with known design parameters. A feature of this characteristic is a sudden change in the shape of the element when the critical temperature is reached. At the same time, the new operating point falls on the upper stable part of the characteristic, and upon cooling to the critical temperature, a reverse jump is realized. A method of numerical analysis and synthesis of thermobimetallic actuators of discrete action is proposed, which allows to improve existing and create new designs of actuators with given parameters.

APPLICATION OF PLASMONICS FOR ASSESSING WATER PURIFICATION EFFICIENCY

Dorozinska H. — 2024-12-29

This paper examines the use of plasmonic sensors for evaluating the efficiency of water purification processes after filtration. Particular attention is given to the advantages of this method compared to traditional approaches, as well as the possibility of its implementation for real-time monitoring. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of filtration devices based on activated carbon and ion-exchange resins in purifying tap and artesian drinking water. The resonance angle for artesian drinking water after filtration changed by a factor of 2.5, and for tap water after filtration, it changed by nearly 7 times. The reduction in salts in the samples was confirmed by a decrease in electrical conductivity. Experimental studies revealed that after filtering tap water, the ammonium content increased twofold, which may be associated with the accumulation of organic or inorganic substances in the sample over time, creating favorable conditions for bacterial activity. This finding indicates the need for additional water purification methods targeting microorganisms, beyond chlorination. The research highlights the potential of using plasmon resonance-based sensors to evaluate water purification efficiency and to monitor the effects of various disinfection methods.

FEATURES OF GENERATING THE OUTPUT SIGNAL OF THE INFRARED RADIATION SENSOR

Moroz S. — 2024-12-29

The paper deals with infrared radiation detectors that can register the thermal radiation of a living organism. The human body has a temperature in the range from 31°C to 42°C, depending on the heat exchange between the skin and the environment, and infrared radiation in the wavelength range from 4 to 50 microns. The analysis of the phenomenon of the pyroelectric effect and the features of the use of pyroelectric sensitive elements, which are the basis of the operation of the sensors, has been carried out. The principles of the formation of thermal radiation in the detection zone of the sensor are given, and the formulas for determining the amount of radiation of the thermal flux are presented. The process of forming the output signal during the action of thermal energy on the sensor was studied. It has been established that for the rational use of methods and algorithms for improving the interference immunity of an infrared sensor, it is necessary to know the main parameters of the signal, namely the amplitude, shape, duration, dependence on the speed of human movement, and background temperature. Experimental graphs of the shape and spectrum of the signal at the input of the pyroelectric sensor under different input conditions are presented. The influence of temperature contrast on the formation of the sensor output signal is analyzed.

CONTROLLING THE ACCURACY OF TRAJECTORY MOVEMENTS OF MACHINE TOOL ACTUATORS ON HYDROSTATIC BEARINGS

Kovalev V. — 2024-12-29

The article is devoted to improving the accuracy and productivity of heavy machine tools by developing and applying adaptive hydrostatic spindle bearings. A literature review was conducted and the relevance of finding new ways to improve accuracy, in particular through the use of advanced designs of bearing units, was proved. The main direction of research is the search for ways to improve machining accuracy on heavy-duty lathes by means of adaptive control of the technological system parameters. It has been established that the use of hydraulic supports with fluid friction is very promising in machine tool construction, and for heavy machine tools such supports are, in some cases, the only design option that provides the required performance characteristics of the units - high load-bearing capacity, durability, rigidity, accuracy, etc. The possibility of using calculation methods based on the implementation of the finite element method is shown. Specific recommendations for the calculation and design of hydrostatic spindle assemblies are given.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN IMPROVED METHOD OF COMPLEX EXPRESS QUALITY CONTROL OF VARNISHES AND PAINTS

Kogut V. — 2024-12-29

This article analyzed the main characteristics of different types of paints. Defined requirements for paint property depending on conditions and methods of use. Established the property list of paint and varnish materials that determine its quality. Defined dependence to property of paints from the type of shape, structure and porosity of the surfaces that they are applied on. The existing methods of control of individual properties of paints and varnishes are analyzed. The need to develop a comprehensive method of express quality control of paint and varnish material to ensure its quality control in the specific conditions of its application to a certain surface under the given conditions of use was substantiated. Based on a simulation of the process of wetting a certain surface with a paint and varnish material, it was established that with the help of this method, it is possible to control the quality of the paint and determine the conditions of its use. Substantiated that it is advisable to control the speed of the process of wetting a specific surface with paint in an automated mode based on an optical method, which makes it possible to perform express control of paint and varnish material in a dynamic visual mode.

FOUR-COORDINATE FLOORING LAYOUT OF PORTAL COMPOSITION

Kuznetsov Yu. — 2024-12-29

The article highlights the relevance and formulates the problem of creating small-sized workbenches with computer hardware, inspecting the data generators and the design of such workbenches, and proposing options for a table-top workbench with a portal layout. The example of the preparation of a folding part shows the procedure for breaking up the ceramic program. The efficiency of creation machines in the initial process and during production has been primed.

IOT DEVELOPMENT: IOS - APPLICATION FOR EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT

Kulakevich O. — 2024-12-29

The article considers the main protocols of interaction of mobile applications with technical equipment, developed a mobile application that provides interaction with technical equipment using modern data transmission protocols. The main protocols used in the program are Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, MQTT and Bonjour, which allow you to implement device management, data exchange and connection settings. An analysis of software communication methods with sensors, external devices and programmable systems to ensure stable communication was carried out.

AUTOMATION OF SEGMENTATION OF MEDICAL IMAGES

Misko V. — 2024-12-29

The work is devoted to the software implementation of digital image processing methods, in particular, segmentation of medical images, using the advantages of the Python programming language. The work implements filtering and noise reduction algorithms, such as the fuzzy adaptive median filter, as well as segmentation using clustering methods and algorithms, such as the Otsu method and the Gabor filter for texture detection. Modifications of fuzzy C-means algorithms to improve medical data segmentation are also considered. The development of medical image segmentation scripts will automate the process of data processing and analysis in the medical field. This will help improve diagnostic accuracy, provide faster access to medical image processing results, and open up new opportunities for research and treatment planning.

DEVELOPMENT OF SIMULATION STATISTICAL MODEL OF MILITARY EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE PROCESSES

Nazarenko А. — 2024-12-29

Complex technical objects of military equipment in society are of exceptional importance. These include, first of all, various radio-electronic complexes of military and special purpose, radar stations, automated control systems (of air traffic, energy facilities, etc.). The state's defense capability, economic security, and the lives of hundreds and thousands of people depend on the level of reliability of such objects. Such objects belong to the class of objects that are subject to long-term repeated use. They are usually expensive and require significant costs for their operation. To ensure the required level of reliability during their operation, maintenance (MTO) is usually performed, the essence of which is the timely preventive replacement of elements that are in a state before failure. In this work, a simulation static model has been developed, designed to predict the reliability indicators and operating costs of a complex technical object of military equipment, which depend on the parameters of the selected MTO strategy. MTO has implemented algorithms for simulating MTO processes for three variants of MTO strategies.The regulated MTO modeling mode was introduced to ensure the completeness of the analysis of possible MTO strategies for the designed object and to predict the possible gain in reliability and operating costs of the object due to the use of “condition-based” maintenance strategies.

SELECTION OF QUALITY INDICATORS FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE STARCH-CONTAINING BATCH FOR AUTOMATIC PROCESS CONTROL

Palchevsky B. — 2024-12-29

The article analyzes the mechanical-enzymatic processing (MEP) in alcohol production. Determination of the quality indicator of starch-containing batch preparation - viscosity, which is little studied to date. Usually, the main indicators of the batch are the concentration of dry matter in the batch and the degree of starch formation in the batch, which are not controlled but determined approximately by the duration of heat treatment at a given temperature. This leads to difficulties that arise when the technological indicators required by the regulations are not obtained at the previous stage of production. The situation can be improved if the degree of starchiness of the batch is determined before it is fed to the next processing stage, which will not only improve the quality of control but also affect the quantitative indicators of the final product, allow for better and faster adjustment of the automatic control system, and save energy.

STUDY OF THE CAPACITIVE SENSOR OF THE AIR GAP IN THE HYDROGENERATOR WITH PARALLEL COPLANAR ELECTRODES

Rassoskyi V. — 2024-12-29

The paper describes the design, circuit and technological features of a capacitive sensor of the air gap (AG) between the bore of the stator core and the rotor poles in a capsule hydrogenerator, formed by a system of strip parallel coplanar electrodes. The system contains high-potential, low-potential and grounded electrodes. The change in electrical capacitance between the system of high-potential electrodes and low-potential electrode systems functionally depends on the change in the distance between the common plane of the sensor electrodes at the rotor poles, which is the value of the air gap. A method for experimentally determining the sensor conversion function is outlined. The equipment and measuring instruments used described. The research methodology for simulating changes in AG involves the use of a special device for parallel plane movement of a flat-grounded plate, which imitates the surface of a rotor pole in a machine. The plate moves along the device carriage relative to the common surface of the sensor electrodes, which fixed on the device. A micrometer head carries out the task of movement and its registration. Tabular and graphical data illustrating the experimentally determined transformation function obtained. A comparison of the experimental results with the theoretical ones confirmed the correctness of the proposed principles for constructing the sensor. The use of a sensor makes it possible to increase the accuracy of measuring AG in hydrogenerator, which will ultimately improve the assessment of the current technical condition of the machine.

SOLIDWORKS FLOW SIMULATION SET UP PARAMETERS FOR SIMULATING ULTRASONIC FLOW METERS

Roman V. — 2024-12-29

The article thoroughly examines the parameters for configuring the computer package SolidWorks Flow Simulation at the "Set Up a Flow Simulation Project" stage of the generalized CFD analysis procedure and their setup options. Additionally, the article provides a specific step-by-step example of selecting SolidWorks Flow Simulation parameters for modeling the measurement error of a two-path chordal ultrasonic flowmeter caused by the influence of flow structure distortion (velocity profile) - a typical task when researching this type of flowmeter. Based on the example, it is shown that the installation angle of the pipe fitting "two 90° bends in different planes" relative to the two-path ultrasonic flowmeter significantly affects the flow measurement error, especially at low flow velocities. As the velocity increases, the flow measurement error of the ultrasonic flowmeter stabilizes and almost does not change its value.

SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF MECHANISMS OF GROUP BEHAVIOR OF ROBOTS

Fetisenko S. — 2024-12-30

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of effective coordination of robots for joint work and the development of software for managing a group of robots based on group behavior mechanisms. The software for visualizing the results of task distribution for a group of robots using CBAA and CBBA algorithms was developed. The results are presented for 2D and 3D variants. The influence of parameters and task size on the group behavior of robots is evaluated.

EFFICIENCY OF ADAPTIVE ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROLLING THE PARAMETERS OF INTERBLOCK ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS

Bukovsky O. — 2024-12-30

The article discusses the current challenges associated with the control of the parameters of cable and wire products, especially in the context of interconnection electrical connections. It is noted that traditional methods of control often do not correspond to dynamic changes in operating conditions, which leads to an increased level of defects. Given these limitations, the study focuses on the need to implement adaptive algorithms that not only improve measurement accuracy but also provide immunity to external interference. The literature review shows the active use of automated control systems, but the emphasis is on insufficient attention to adaptive algorithms that could significantly improve the quality of control. Among the methods considered, adaptive algorithms such as Adam, Levenberg-Marquardt, LMS, and RLS prove to be effective tools for improving the objectivity and performance of control systems. Their implementation allows systems to respond faster to changes in production conditions, increasing the reliability and stability of production processes. An important aspect is the integration of adaptive technologies into specialized software of automated control systems, which expands the capabilities of existing methods and can significantly reduce the negative consequences of self-heating during measurement.

Thus, the studies carried out demonstrate that an adaptive approach to parameter control not only improves the accuracy and stability of products, but also brings modern production systems closer to high quality standards. This allows you to ensure the reliability of the electrical infrastructure, which is critical for the successful functioning of various electrical systems.

MORPHOLOGY OF COATINGS ON TITANIUM ALLOY WITH THE ADDITION OF BIOCOMPONENTS

Imbirovych N. — 2024-12-30

In this work, the method of plasma electrolytic oxidation on a titanium alloy with the introduction of calcium-containing components and bioadditives in the form of diatomite into the coating is widespread. In order to increase the biocompatibility of the synthesized surface, working environments and coating application modes were developed. The study of the stage nature of PEO in such electrolytes allowed predicting the properties of coatings in the future depending on the requirements for their roughness.