On-board information and communication systems as a means of integrating vehicles with transport infrastructure

Abstract

The intensification of vehicle development, the increasing complexity of their design, and the growing requirements for safety, reliability, and operational efficiency necessitate comprehensive scientific research in this field. A modern vehicle is increasingly transforming into a complex technical and information system, the functioning of which requires well-founded decisions regarding the integration of hardware–software components and control algorithms.

In this context, on-board information and communication systems (OICS) of vehicles are investigated as a key means of integration with transport infrastructure under the conditions of intelligent transportation systems development. The article reveals the essence, functional purpose, and role of OICS in ensuring information interaction between vehicles, infrastructure elements, and traffic management systems. The evolution and classification of OICS according to the level of integration, functional purpose, and degree of automation are considered. The main structural components of modern integrated systems and the principles of their operation within a unified information space of the transport system are identified. It is established that the implementation of OICS contributes to improving road traffic safety, enhancing the operational efficiency of vehicles, optimizing maintenance and repair processes, and reducing the negative environmental impact of transport. The main technical, economic, and organizational constraints on the implementation of such systems are identified, and prospective directions for their further development are outlined. It is proven that OICS constitute the technological basis for integrating vehicles into a unified information space and for forming sustainable, safe, and efficient models of modern mobility. This creates prerequisites for the development of a unified approach to the implementation of intelligent transport technologies and for ensuring the sustainable development of the transport sector.