Increasing the effectiveness of the use of anti-icing reagents during winter road maintenance

Abstract

The experience of winter maintenance of roads abroad shows that compliance with the requirements of the standards is possible when choosing optimal work strategies and using not only technologies for eliminating winter slippage, but also technologies for preventing its occurrence. For this, the collection of weather and road information, its processing, forecasting of the condition of the road surface and decision-making on the choice of work technology should be carried out practically in real time. The article analyzes the factors affecting the cycle of work and the need for resources for winter road maintenance. The assessment of the main weather and climate factors that contribute to the formation of ice on the surface of the coating has been carried out. Weather and climate factors form the water-heat regime of the road structure, which cause fluctuations in humidity and temperature. Analysis of the simulation results shows that the probability of slippage is determined by the transition of air temperature not through 0 °С, but through minus 2°С and the presence of moisture on the coating. Thus, it is necessary to take the temperature of the road surface as the main road factor. To determine the cycle of winter maintenance work, recommendations are proposed that determine the number of cycles of work on the distribution of anti-icing materials and patrol snow removal for various types of winter slippery conditions that can form in the winter period. For each snowfall, the following are calculated: duration, average air temperature, surface temperature, amount of precipitation in millimeters of water (according to weather station data), thickness of the snow layer on the road surface taking into account the snow density, intensity of snow accumulation on the surface.