Factors, that affect the exploitation qualities of the foundations of housing funds of severodonetsk
Abstract
The condition of the material and technical base of the housing stock of Severodonetsk is analyzed and it is noted that the issue of assessing the technical condition of building structures and buildings in general is important, which makes it possible to prevent their transition to a state unsuitable for normal operation.
The aim of the work is to assess the reduction of operational characteristics of the foundations of residential buildings, which are located in the first planning district of Severodonetsk, Luhansk region, and to develop recommendations for repair and extension work and extend their safe operation.
Was made a review of the planning areas of the foundations of buildings of the last century by photo-fixation. Review showed the presence of the following damage to the foundations: cracks of different orientation and opening, corrosion of reinforcement, peeling plaster, angular chipping of the concrete wall.
The classification of types of the revealed damages of the bases is formed, the possible reasons of formation and methods of their elimination are described. The reason for the formation of a developed vertical crack opening up to 0.5 cm may be - uneven shrinkage of the foundation or the proximity of groundwater. Usually to eliminate this type of damage it is necessary to fill the crack with cement mortar and carry out major repairs with reinforcement of the foundation and foundation.
The reason for the formation of a significant through vertical crack with the opening of 1…2 cm from the stratification of the masonry may be - shrinkage of the foundation, swelling of the soil. Large cracks in the wall and foundation are filled with foam or cement mortar and reinforced with metal staples.
Horizontally developed crack opening up to 0.5 cm is caused by subsidence of the foundation of the central part and the ingress of moisture. Repairs can be performed by injection.
Corrosion of fittings and angular chipping. The reason is a construction shortage and an operational factor of local moisture exposure. Restoration of a protective layer with use of polymeric materials and a reinforcing grid is required. All work to restore these defects should be carried out only in dry weather at a temperature not lower than + 5°C.
