Modern technologies and methods of calculations in construction
The journal “Modern Technologies and Methods of Calculations in Construction” is included in Category B of the List of Scientific Professional Publications of Ukraine in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine No. 886 dated July 2, 2020. Registration certificate KV No. 20340-10140R dated May 31, 2013. Register of Scientific Professional Publications of Ukraine The journal is registered by the National Council of Ukraine on Television and Radio Broadcasting (Decision No. 40 dated January 11, 2024). Media identifier: R30-02453. Publisher DOI prefix: 10.36910 ISSN: 2410-6208 (print) The journal publishes the results of original fundamental and applied research within Cluster G “Industrial and Construction Technologies, Logistics, Transport” (in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated January 19, 2026), in the following specialties: G17 – Architecture and Urban Planning, G18 – Geodesy and Land Management, G19 – Building and Civil Engineering. Founder and publisher: Lutsk National Technical University EDRPOU code: 05477296. Year of establishment: 2013. Link to the journal on the publisher’s website: https://eforum.lntu.edu.ua/index.php/construction/uk/ Publication frequency: two issues per year (June, December). Language: Ukrainian, English. Editor-in-Chief: Oleksandr Valentynovych Andriichuk All materials are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, which permits others to share the manuscript with proper attribution to the authors and acknowledgment of the first publication in this journal.
Луцький національний технічний університет
Landscape and Architectural Approaches to the Formation of Modern Military Burial Sectors
The article is devoted to the analysis of modern approaches to planning, reconstruction and rethinking the functioning of cemeteries in Ukraine and the world. Particular attention is focused on the formation of military burial sectors in the context of the growth of their role in the conditions of a full-scale war. The historical evolution of burial forms, architectural and urban planning trends, environmental challenges and modern standards of improvement that determine the transformation of memorial territories are considered. An important component of the study is the analysis of the competitive work “Concept of arranging a military burial sector at a city cemetery in the village of Garazdzha, Lutsk district, Volyn region” (code 150007), which demonstrates the possibilities of implementing a comprehensive landscape and architectural approach. The project focuses on creating an orderly compositional structure, using unified tombstones, integrating nature-oriented solutions, forming routes for visitors and zones of individual and collective commemoration. The article highlights the key problems of the industry: the shortage of places for traditional burials, the environmental vulnerability of inhumation, the limited development of alternative forms, the fragmentation of regulatory support and the lack of organization of military sectors. The experience of the USA and Germany is analyzed, where orderliness, minimalism and naturalness form the model of modern memorial spaces. Based on the review, recommendations were formed for the sustainable development of burial areas, improving the regulatory framework and implementing inclusive, ecological and emotionally balanced solutions in the practice of designing military sectors in Ukraine.
landscape and architectural approach, cemetery, military burials, memorial, landscaping, ecological burials, columbarium.
Copyright (c) 2025 Modern technologies and methods of calculations in construction
Analysis of the use of Archicad and Revit in the design of engineering networks
The results of the analysis of the use of Autodesk Revit MEP and Graphisoft Archicad MEP Modeler software products in the process of designing building engineering networks in the BIM environment are presented. The goal of the research is to establish the advantages and limitations, the feasibility of using each of the platforms depending on the features of the design object. The analysis covered the parametric modeling approach, the function of automatic conflict checking (collision), the ability to generate construction documentation, compatibility with other BIM systems through the use of the IFC format, the use of libraries of standard elements and parametric objects. Revit MEP demonstrates a higher level of calculation automation, modeling accuracy, and depth of parameterization for engineering systems. It allows for full-fledged MEP design, supporting hydraulic, thermal and electrical calculations, and facilitates effective team collaboration through the BIM 360 and Worksharing platforms. The large volume of built-in libraries, integrated with official manufacturer databases, enables the creation of high-precision models for HVAC, plumbing (W&C), electrical networks. Archicad MEP Modeler has an advantage in accuracy, in visualization and integration with the architectural model, making it convenient for combined architectural and engineering work. However, its capabilities for calculating engineering systems are limited and most technical parameters require export to specialized systems. Archicad supports data exchange in the IFC format, which promotes compatibility within the Open BIM concept, but the quantity and detail of library elements are inferior to Revit. The results obtained show that Revit MEP is an effective solution for large and bulky engineering systems, where automation of their technical and technological calculations, accuracy and coordination between specialists are important. Archicad is advisable to use for typical engineering systems or as part of architectural design. High design productivity is achieved with the synergy of Revit for detailed design of engineering networks and Archicad for their architectural consistency, with mandatory further exchange of model data via the IFC format.
BIM technologies, Revit MEP, Archicad MEP Modeler, engineering networks, parametric modeling, design automation, methodology.
The impact of engineering design of streets and roads on the safety of pedestrians and cyclists
The article examines the role of engineering design of streets and roads as one of the key factors in ensuring the safety of pedestrians and cyclists in modern urban space. The regulatory framework of Ukraine is reviewed and compared with European approaches based on different concepts. It is presented that an effective road safety system should combine engineering, environmental and social aspects aimed at creating a comfortable space for all road users. Particular attention is paid to the environmental aspects of the design and operation of the street and road network. In particular, the problem of winter street maintenance and the impact of deicing materials on the environment and road safety are considered based on the results of the study presented in [11]. It is determined that environmentally oriented management of operational processes can significantly reduce the negative impact on soils, water resources and green spaces, while simultaneously increasing the safety of road users. The paper analyzes the current problems of the development of Ukrainian transport infrastructure – outdated approaches to design, insufficient funding, limited integration of the bicycle network and low level of public participation. At the same time, promising areas of modernization are outlined: implementation of European safety standards, creation of comprehensive programs for the development of sustainable mobility, digital monitoring of dangerous areas and training of a new generation of engineers and urban planners. It is concluded that improving the safety of pedestrians and cyclists is possible only if engineering innovations, environmental responsibility and systemic management of urban space are combined. The implementation of these approaches will contribute to the formation of safe, environmentally balanced and people-centered streets in Ukrainian cities.
engineering arrangement, safe street, pedestrian, cyclist, road infrastructure, environmental safety, winter maintenance, sustainable development.
The influence of external factors and time on the characteristics and condition of materials that make up the destruction array of buildings
The article analyzes the impact of external factors and time on the characteristics and condition of materials that make up the array of destroyed buildings. The war has led to large-scale destruction covering entire areas and territories. It has been determined that the ruins of residential buildings formed as a result of hostilities are characterized by a complex structure that combines the remains of different types of materials—concrete, metal, brick, wood, polymers, glass, and composites. After exposure to high temperatures, dynamic, chemical, and climatic factors, these materials undergo intensive degradation processes. Over time, the properties of such materials change not only due to primary destruction, but also as a result of secondary processes — corrosion, carbonization, hydration, freezing-thawing, biodestruction, etc. The factors that occur at the initial stage of destruction are explosive action and temperature and thermal effects during a fire. The passive existence of the destruction array under the influence of natural climatic factors triggers a time factor of degradation that has a cumulative effect. Three characteristic time stages after destruction have been identified: initial, medium-term, and long-term. It has been determined that the influence of time is exclusively negative, exacerbating the effects of negative factors such as soaking, freezing, corrosion of materials, biological destruction, chemical reactions, and the ultraviolet influence of the sun. It has been proven that the cumulative impact of external factors creates significant complexity and heterogeneity of the materials in the destruction area, which complicates the possibility of using secondary materials as structural materials. The expediency of the preferential use of secondary construction waste from the destruction of buildings and structures in vertical planning and landscaping projects has been substantiated. Using the example of the Lysychansk-Siverskodonetsk agglomeration, a project to expand the ballast profile of roads connecting cities has been proposed as a concept. This project concept is comprehensive in nature and aimed at modernizing the local section of the agglomeration's transport planning framework. Its implementation is possible on the basis of relevant decisions included in the city's master plan. Understanding the rheological processes of changing the properties of materials in the destruction zone serves as the basis for the formation of effective post-war recovery strategies, in particular, decisions on the dismantling, recycling, and reuse of secondary construction waste.
city, destroyed areas, reconstruction of areas, restoration, destruction zone, recycled materials
Fractal formalism in identification of indoor sports facilities as systems with partial indeterminism
The paper considers the peculiarities of functioning and management of closed-type sports facilities designed to implement artificial hypoxic training process. For identification of such complex systems models of different types are used depending on the goals set. The complexity of the choice of physical and mathematical models in this case is due to the complexity of the behavior of the systems under consideration at different moments of time, during which their basic properties can change dramatically. The use of the E. Lorentz air carousel allows in this study to apply the methods of fractal formalism and modeling to describe the behavior of such numerically irreducible systems. An algorithm for determining the self-similarity region for the object under study is given, which, in its turn, makes it possible to reduce the probability of violation of its normal operation mode, namely, maintaining the constancy of static and dynamic components of oxygen partial pressure, proper humidity, speed and direction of air mass flow circulation in the given structure (without using energy-consuming forced ventilation system). The possibilities of application of fractal models and methods of geometrical control theory for identification of complex systems/sports facilities of the closed type functioning in energy-saving modes and intended for artificial hypoxic training are considered. It should be noted that for air mass circulation technologies (without the use of forced ventilation) in closed sports facilities for hypoxic training of athletes, the above method of determining the self-similarity region can serve as an analogue of the indicator, which constantly registers the approach of the determining parameter to one of the boundaries of the self-similarity region, thereby signaling the probability of a situation that leads to a sharp change in the direction of circulation of air masses in the building.
fractal formalism, identification, sports facilities, systems with partial indeterminism, energy-saving technologies, methods of geometric control theory
Analysis of oscillations (vibration) of structural elements of lifting mechanisms and machines
Cargo movement by hoisting mechanisms and machines used in urban construction, such as overhead cranes (OC) with non-rigid rope suspensions of the load causes pendulum vibrations of the load, in which there is an uncontrollable component. The oscillations significantly increase the cycle time of such OCs, reduce productivity and safety. There is a growing danger of collision of the load with objects present in the movement zone, and damage/destruction of the load, other objects and the OC itself is probable. In this regard, it is advisable to completely suppress uncontrolled components of pendulum oscillations of the load both during its movement and when the load reaches the target point. This is especially important when moving dangerous cargoes: containers with liquid materials (such as resin), flammable liquids, etc. During the operation of OC and other types of construction/cargo lifting cranes due to the swinging of the load on the rope there are significant dynamic loads. In this paper we analyze the regularities of the process of load oscillations on the basis of a two-mass model, taking into account the influence of initial conditions on the possible values of dynamic loads, as well as the possibility of optimizing (minimizing) these loads. The review of available reference and normative materials determining the normative values of dynamic coefficients is given. The results obtained in the paper can be further used for dynamic calculations, their improvement and refinement, for design and engineering development of finite element models of cantilever booms with loads on the rope and without rope during acceleration/deceleration in the process of boom rotation to substantiate the dynamic coefficients of specific designs of OC and urban construction cranes of other types.
analysis, oscillations, vibrations, loads, rope systems, pendulum oscillations of loads, city-building and overhead cranes.
Modern trends of climate equipment in organizing the energy efficiency of residential and public buildings
The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of current trends, technological innovations, and prospects for the implementation of energy-efficient climatic equipment in residential and public construction. The relevance of the topic is driven by the critical need to reduce global carbon dioxide emissions, as well as by growing requirements for building energy autonomy amidst high energy prices and infrastructural risks, which is particularly important for Ukraine. The study aims to systematize advanced engineering solutions that allow bringing the operational performance of real estate closer to Nearly Zero-Energy Building (NZEB) standards. The article examinesl the evolution of renewable energy technologies, particularly photovoltaic (PV) systems. The authors highlight the increasing efficiency of modern monocrystalline modules and the reduction in the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE), and also analyse the potential of Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV). Significant attention is paid to heat pump technologies as a key tool for decarbonizing heating and domestic hot water systems. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of air-source and geothermal heat pumps is provided. The advantages of the trend towards more frequent installation of air-to-air heat pumps for small architectural forms (MAFs) are noted. For the commercial real estate sector, the study investigates the benefits of implementing Variable Refrigerant Volume/Flow (VRV/VRF) systems and inverter chillers with heat recovery functions. It is noted that modern VRV systems and chillers demonstrate high seasonal energy efficiency ratings and ensure microclimate flexibility due to their capability for simultaneous heating and cooling. The role of supply and exhaust ventilation units with high-efficiency heat recovery in reducing ventilation heat losses is also highlighted. The conclusion is drawn that integrating the discussed equipment, despite higher initial investments, is an indispensable path to improving the energy efficiency class of buildings and ensuring their resilience to modern energy challenges.
energy consumption, climate equipment, project, building management, efficiency.
Investigation of the effect of perlite additive on the structure and mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane foam
This work investigates the influence of a perlite additive (expanded granulated perlite) on the structural characteristics and mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF). Based on a two-component mixture of polyol and polyisocyanate (in a weight ratio of 20:40), six groups of RPUF were synthesized by the casting method with different quantitative contents of expanded perlite in the range of 0–10 parts by weight (pbw). The study focused on determining the patterns of change in the structural and mechanical characteristics of РPU depending on the quantitative content of the modifying additive. It was established that the perlite additive is incorporated into the polyurethane matrix heterogeneously as a filler, forming a composite foam material. Morphological studies of the structure were carried out to evaluate the foam porosity, and the density of the modified foam samples was determined. A correlation was found between the porosity and density of RPUF with the addition of the granulated perlite additive. The investigation of the mechanical properties of rigid RPUF modified with the perlite additive was carried out based on compression tests using the static axial loading method. From the compression diagrams, the values of mechanical characteristics (Young's modulus, yield strength, relative plastic deformation) were determined depending on the perlite additive content. It was found that at a perlite content of 4–6 pbw, a decrease in the modulus of elasticity and yield strength occurs due to an increase in the RPUF porosity. At concentrations of this additive above 6 pbw, an opposite trend is observed due to the densification of the structure and the aggregation of perlite granules. The research results indicate a correlation between structural changes and the mechanical behavior of RPUF composites. It is noted that the quantitative content of granulated perlite influences the non-uniformity of change and variation of mechanical characteristics, in particular, Young's modulus, yield strength, and relative plastic deformation. A conclusion is drawn regarding the relevance of the conducted research and the obtained results in the context of applied aspects of using RPUF in construction and other engineering fields as thermal insulation and structural materials with adjustable properties.
polyurethane foam, modification, porosity, density, mechanical characteristics, deformation
Determination of rational operating modes of rollers when compacting asphalt concrete pavements in order to increase their durability
The strength and durability of asphalt concrete as a typical multi-component material depends on the homogeneity of its structure, the process of formation of which is very complex and requires consideration of various factors: the main ones are the temperature parameters of the mixture and the compaction mode. The article presents an information-functional scheme of production and technological factors of the compaction process that affect the quality of asphalt concrete pavements. The structure of asphalt concrete, which determines its strength and durability, is largely formed as a result of compaction. The essence of compaction is to increase the number of bonds in the material and strengthen them. The greater the saturation of bonds per unit volume of the material and the stronger these bonds, the stronger the layer of asphalt concrete mixture. Asphalt concrete pavement compaction modes are a set of technological parameters, including temperature, type and mass of compacting equipment, as well as the sequence and number of passes of rollers aimed at achieving the required compaction coefficient. Each roller is used in a certain range of temperature and density of the asphalt concrete mixture, when its parameters allow achieving the greatest compaction effect in the absence of destruction of the compacted layer. Maximum compaction of the mixture is achieved when plastic deformations develop gradually over the entire depth of the layer. The areas of operation of rollers considered in the article are the basis for selecting sets (units) of compacting machines and organizing their work according to rational technological compaction schemes. Thus, the presented results allow assessing the capabilities of any roller, determining its place in the technological process and selecting the optimal composition of the set (unit) of rollers, bearing in mind that in this case the rollers operate in the optimal mode.
asphalt concrete pavement, compaction, temperature, uniformity, structure, strength, durability
Stress-strain state of three-hinged reinforced concrete frames under repeated loading
The article presents the results of the study of two-hinged reinforced concrete frames with artificial adjustment of forces under repeated loads. The results of experimental studies of the stress-strain state of U-shaped monolithic reinforced concrete frames with tightening (artificial adjustment of forces) under low-cycle load conditions are presented. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that traditional methods of calculating statically indeterminate reinforced concrete structures do not sufficiently take into account the change in the physical and mechanical properties of materials, the development of cracks and the redistribution of internal forces under the action of repeated loads. For the study, samples of frames were made in which pre-tensioning was created. The tests were performed according to the scheme of the two-hinged system and were subjected to tenfold repeated loading to the level of 0.75 Fu, after which the frame samples were loaded to failure. The obtained results show a significant influence of low-cycle loads on the development of deformations of concrete and reinforcement, deflections and parameters of crack formation. It was established that the main part of the residual deformations is formed in the first five load cycles, after which the stress-strain state stabilizes. The formation of plastic hinges in the span and nodes of the frames was analyzed, and the limit deformations preceding the failure were determined. A comparison of two types of frames proved the effectiveness of the artificial force adjustment system: the deflection of the bolt of a two-hinged reinforced concrete frame with artificial force adjustment is 16.1% less than that of a two-hinged reinforced concrete frame without artificial force adjustment under a single load, and by 11.2% under repeated loads.
Reinforced concrete frame, stressed-deformed state, artificial adjustment of forces, repeated loads, concrete, reinforcement
Geoinformation methods for determining the geographical centers of administrative entities
Determining the geographical center of administrative territories is a fundamental task of centrology, which has significant scientific and practical importance, particularly for geopolitical planning and cartographic support. However, the concept of “center” does not have a single analytical solution, since the result depends on the chosen algorithm and conceptual understanding of “centrality.” Many early studies lacked high accuracy or detailed description of the methodology. Modern GIS technologies allow this problem to be solved, but at the same time offer a number of different mathematical approaches. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the results of determining the geographical centers of the Volyn region and its districts (Volodymyr, Kamin-Kashyrsky, Kovel, Lutsk). The study aims to establish a connection between the configuration (shape) of territories and the variability of the calculated centers' locations, as well as to develop practical recommendations for the application of each method. The study was conducted in the QGIS environment. Vector boundaries from OpenStreetMap (OSM), obtained through the Geofabrik service, were used as source data. The analysis revealed significant variability in the position of the centers depending on the method and geometry of the district. Two hypotheses were tested. The hypothesis that areas with complex shapes (Kamin-Kashirsky, Kovelsky) with low compactness indices show the greatest divergence of centers was confirmed. However, the hypothesis that compact areas have stable centers was refuted by the example of the Lutsk area. A matrix of practical application of methods has been developed, linking specific methods (e.g., pole of inaccessibility, center of minimum circle) with applied tasks (e.g., placement of waste disposal facilities or communication towers).
geographic center, centroid, geographic information systems (GIS), QGIS, spatial analysis, administrative entities, Volyn region
Geoinformation analysis of spatial interaction between building density and urban green infrastructure (UGI) in the city of Zhytomyr
Urban Green Infrastructure (UGI) plays a crucial role in enhancing ecological resilience and ensuring spatial equity in contemporary urban planning. In post-socialist cities such as Zhytomyr, ongoing densification processes intensify pressure on existing green systems and contribute to structural imbalances between built-up areas and the availability of ecosystem services. GIS-based approaches provide an effective analytical framework for identifying these disparities and supporting evidence-based decision-making. This study examines the spatial relationship between building density, green space distribution, and accessibility within the urban fabric of Zhytomyr. Open-source geospatial data from OpenStreetMap were used to construct a detailed block-level model of the city. All datasets were harmonized within a metric projection to enable accurate area calculations. Using QGIS, a set of spatial indicators - density, density index, Green Index, and 500-m network-based accessibility zones - was calculated through spatial joins, zonal statistics, and network analysis. The results reveal significant territorial asymmetry in the interaction between development intensity and green infrastructure. The historic core and large multi-storey residential districts exhibit the highest density values while simultaneously demonstrating the lowest green balance, indicating limited ecological compensation capacity. In contrast, quarters adjacent to the river valley and peripheral forested areas show substantially higher ecological stability. The accessibility model further indicates that many high-density and densely populated districts do not meet normative walking access standards to public green spaces, highlighting a spatial disparity between the demand for and supply of UGI. The developed indicators provide an evidence-based foundation for municipal planning and can support strategic interventions aimed at strengthening Zhytomyr’s green infrastructure network.
Urban Green Infrastructure, spatial analysis, building density, ecological balance, GIS, QGIS, accessibility, urban morphology
Determination of the load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete columns
Reinforced concrete structures, when properly maintained, are reliable and retain their original (design) characteristics throughout the entire life of the building. Even after dismantling, they can be reused, provided that their load-bearing capacity has been verified beforehand. The load-bearing capacity of existing building structures must also be determined during the reconstruction of buildings and structures, their superstructure, changes in the structural design, increases in payload due to the modernization of technological processes, changes in the purpose of the facility, for quality control of the completed building structure, etc. The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm for calculating the load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete columns operating with random eccentricities, based on a deformation model. Reinforced concrete columns are considered as eccentrically compressed elements with random or calculated eccentricities, operating according to the first or second form of equilibrium. The paper presents cross-section diagrams, deformation distribution, stress diagrams, and formulas for determining the load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete columns under various possible conditions of compressive force application and corresponding deformations in the cross-sections of eccentrically compressed elements. An algorithm has been developed for calculating the stability of reinforced concrete columns operating with random eccentricities. All initial data are obtained as a result of instrumental inspection of existing structures, using normative literature. The load-bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete column on the first floor of a public building scheduled for reconstruction with the addition of a third floor was determined using a specially developed algorithm. This value is compared with the calculated compressive load according to the reconstruction project, and a conclusion is made about the adequacy of the load-bearing capacity or the need to reinforce the column.
load-bearing capacity, non-destructive testing, calculation, compression, reinforced concrete column, equilibrium form
Domestic Bitumen Modified with Various Grades of Additives
The article analyses the ways to improve the efficiency of Ukrainian-produced petroleum bitumen by modifying it with the additives of various grades: polymeric, adhesive, and synthetic waxes. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to improve the quality and durability of road surfaces in the context of Ukraine’s infrastructure restoration, particularly in de-occupied and frontline areas. The main focus is on the improvement of the physical and mechanical properties of bitumen, which leads to increased durability and resistance to modern loads. The study provides an overview of the current state of bitumen production and application in Ukraine and summarizes research findings related to various types of modifiers, including polymeric, adhesive, and synthetic waxes additives. The study was based on BND 70/100 bitumen from the Kremenchug Oil Refinery, modified with nine additives, including four polymers (Calprene 501, PDL S501T SBS, Elvaloy 741, Kraton D1101 ASM), three synthetic waxes (Asphalten A, Asphalten B, Sasobit) and two adhesion additives (AdHebit LA-1245, Wetfix BE). Modification was carried out with each additive separately without their combination. The research was carried out in accordance with the current national standards, considering the recommended dosages and temperature-time modification regimes specified by the manufacturers. The same modification conditions were applied for each additive class. The same modification conditions were applied for each additive class. The obtained results demonstrated that the polymer additives substantially increase the softening temperature of bitumen and decrease penetration, thereby improving the material’s heat resistance. Synthetic waxes had a positive effect on bitumen, in particular, they increased the softening temperature while maintaining elasticity. Adhesive additives were found to significantly enhance the bitumen's adhesion to mineral materials and have no significant effect on softening temperature of bitumen and decrease penetration. The obtained findings are important for further studies aimed at improving bitumen formulations and developing new technological solutions to support Ukraine’s post-war road infrastructure recovery.
petroleum road bitumen, modification, polymer, synthetic wax, adhesive additive.
Influence of inclusion sizes on the stress state of plate elements underdynamic loading
The article presents the results of a study on the assessment of the influence of rigid inclusions on the stress state of plate elements of structures under the action of uniaxial dynamic loading. To solve the problem, the method of boundary integral equations and the apparatus of the theory of functions of a complex variable were used. This approach allowed reducing the solution of the problem to a system of singular integral equations. The selection of irregular features of the integrand functions and the use of the Plemel-Sohotsky formulas at the limit transition allowed us to write the integral equations in a form convenient for numerical solution. The use of the conformal mapping method allowed us to apply the proposed approach to study the stress state of plate elements with inclusions of practically arbitrary smooth shape. For numerical implementation, the methods of mechanical quadrature and collocation were used. The numerical analysis of the stress state was carried out on the basis of the study of the distribution of dynamic stresses in infinite plates with rigid inclusions of rectangular forms under the action of axial impulse loading. Comparison of numerical results allowed us to analyze the concentration of stresses for inclusions of various shapes. An analysis of the distribution of dynamic stresses at the boundary between the inclusion and the matrix at different stages of load application was also carried out. Based on numerical calculations, it was established that with increasing inclusion length, the stress distribution changes. It was also established that during high-frequency oscillations, the values of both hoop and normal stresses are practically the same and do not depend on the inclusion size. Based on the corresponding results, points on the boundary of the inclusion and the plate element with the maximum concentration of stresses were determined. This approach allows us to ensure the strength and reliability of the corresponding connection elements.
stress state, dynamic loading, inclusion, integral equation method, uniaxial tension
Sustainable and inclusive development of rehabilitationcenters: prospects for expansion based on the example of the NGO“AGAPE-UKRAINE”
The critical need to renovate and expand rehabilitation infrastructure in Ukraine has become more pressing than ever, as full-scale military aggression has led to an explosive increase in the number of citizens – both military personnel and civilians – who require high-quality, long-term, and comprehensive rehabilitation services. The current network of rehabilitation facilities has proven unable to meet this demand, necessitating a systematic approach to creating new centers and modernizing existing ones. This article explores the critical need to expand rehabilitation infrastructure in Ukraine by analyzing the problems caused by the significant gap between current demand and the supply of quality rehabilitation services. Using the example of one of the rehabilitation centers in Volyn, which is operating at the limits of its capacity, the paper provides a detailed justification of the prospects and possibilities for its modernization and territorial expansion. Particular attention is paid to issues of spatial planning, improvement, and the introduction of innovative technologies that ensure the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of rehabilitation processes. The systematic expansion of rehabilitation centers, based on the principles of spatial transformability – which allows for the rapid change of a building's functional purpose in accordance with the dynamic needs of patients – and environmental awareness through the introduction of energy-efficient technologies, should be viewed not as an expense but as a strategic investment. This investment not only guarantees decent, quality treatment for all those who have suffered and need rehabilitation, but also significantly increases the resilience and flexibility of the entire national healthcare system in the face of future crises. The results of the study confirm that the comprehensive renovation and expansion of rehabilitation centers contribute to the creation of a multifunctional environment that combines physical, sensory, and psycho-emotional rehabilitation. This not only optimizes recovery processes, but also ensures the social integration of patients, improves their quality of life, and strengthens social cohesion in communities.
rehabilitation centers, inclusiveness, improvement, trends in rehabilitation centers, sustainable development
Research on the performance of single-layer thermal insulationsystems during the life cycle of industrial facilities
The problem of the effectiveness of the external enclosure of an industrial facility with a metal frame and a single-layer wall system is considered. Defective solutions for enclosing structures that arose due to design and organizational and construction factors are identified and analyzed. A quantitative assessment of the nature of the single-layer enclosure structure and the identified characteristic thermal bridge of the node was performed, and its impact on the average heat transfer coefficient U of the facade, condensation risks, and annual energy losses was determined. Practical recommendations for local facade reconstruction were formulated. A set of factors affecting the maximum service life of the building was analyzed, in particular, local moisture penetration into the insulation, corrosion of metal elements, and damage to decorative and protective coatings. Long-term negative consequences without response and local reconstruction of the facade lead to a reduction in the actual service life of the facade shell from the calculated 30–35 years to 20–25 years, an increase in total operating costs over 10 years by 15–20%. Based on the thermal analysis of the units, the calculation of the heat transfer coefficient, and the identified defects in the operation of the enclosing structures, a set of recommendations was formed aimed at eliminating the negative consequences and increasing the reliability of the industrial building, in particular: local reconstruction of facades with the installation of thermal breaks (insulation blocks) in the span lines, duplication of thermal insulation with an internal layer of 50–80 mm with continuous vapor barrier, sealing of joints; transition to sandwich panels; diagnostics; development of installation requirements; design and regulatory support. Implementation of these recommendations increases the reliability and maintainability of structures, reduces operating costs throughout the entire life cycle, and extends the actual service life of facade systems.
thermal engineering calculations, local facade reconstruction, thermal modernization of buildings, facade insulation, metal frame, single-layer wall system
Optimization of the cross-section of a steel welded I-beam accordingto the criterion of minimum potential strain energy
The article considers the problem of reducing the material consumption of steel welded I-beams by optimizing their cross-section based on the criterion of minimum potential energy of elastic deformation (dU/dh = 0) accumulated in the beam during bending. Analytical differentiation of this criterion made it possible to derive a dimensionless design parameter kA, which characterizes the optimal ratio between the wall area and the flange area of the I-beam. Since rolled I-beam profiles were developed to ensure strength and stability while meeting criteria of economic and technological efficiency, it is advisable to use these principles to find the optimal cross-section of an I-beam. For this purpose, the shape coefficient kF is introduced in the work, which characterizes the geometric proportions of the cross-section – the ratio of the height of the I-beam to the width of its flange. Based on the analysis of rolled profile assortments, an almost linear trend of the coefficient increase with the increase in beam height has been established. The relationship between the coefficients kA and kF allows them to be used for preliminary approximate selection of an I-beam cross-section that will be close to the optimal one. For practical implementation, a numerical iterative optimization algorithm has been developed that implements a multifactorial search for rational cross-sectional dimensions (height, wall thickness, thickness and width of flanges) under conditions of minimum beam weight and compliance with strength requirements. Analysis of the results obtained by the algorithm showed that an increase in load leads to a decrease in kA and an increase in beam weight, which made it possible to obtain an approximate dependence kA(q) in the form of a fifth-degree polynomial and allows the obtained dependence to be used in practical calculations. The algorithm can be used to create software tools for automated design, build tables of optimal parameters, and develop recommendations for the standardization of welded profiles. There is a need for further improvement of the algorithm to take into account the standardized dimensions of rolled sheet metal and ensure local stability conditions.
optimization, I-beam, potential deformation energy, minimum weight, numerical modeling
Mathematical increase of noise pollution from vehicle transport as aconsequence of combat actions on the territory of Ukraine
The military actions on the territory of Ukraine have significantly affected all aspects of life of Ukrainians including transport infrastructure. Motor roads of Ukraine have been significantly affected. The pavement and roadsides of many roads, as well as their subgrades, are significantly deformed due to the uncontrolled movement of heavy armored vehicles, both wheeled and tracked, the construction of military structures, mine laying, explosions and other reasons related to the war. Roads are important logistical routes on which the country's economy heavily depends. For Ukraine, roads hold particular significance, as they are the main channels for supplying the army. The country's roads have been severely damaged. In many areas, the pavement, roadside and roadbeds have been significantly affected by the uncontrolled movement of heavy military vehicles, the construction of defensive structures, mine laying, explosions and also other reasons related to the armed conflict. Even on those sections of the roads, where military actions did not take place directly, the road surface is significantly deformed due to the movement of heavy armored tracked vehicles. At this stage, it is difficult to estimate whether such a load has affected the durability of motor roads. However, it is already undeniable that the noise background around the motor roads has undergone significant changes. According to the research results presented in the article, the increase in noise levels on deformed road sections ranges from 10 to 22 dB, depending on the type of vehicle and speed. Therefore, the total noise background may exceed recommended values and affect people's health. The article examines the reasons for the increase in noise levels.
frictional properties of payment, friction coefficient, payment texture, road payment.
Research into the patterns of traffic flow distribution at the entrances to large settlements in conditions of urbanization
The increase in traffic intensity and the change in the composition of the traffic flow gradually lead to the overloading of highways and streets of major importance with traffic flow, especially in conditions of urbanization. The action of dynamic loading in such cases is replaced by static loading, which can lead to premature destruction of the structural layers of the road surface. This, in turn, requires new research and the adoption of other design decisions. Based on an analysis of literary sources, publications, reports on traffic intensity and composition of traffic flow in previous years, and technical documentation on the availability of public roads within Ukraine, the article substantiates the feasibility of recording traffic intensity and composition of traffic flow. As is well known, available data on traffic intensity and composition of traffic flow is an important transport and operational indicator that makes it possible to justify and plan the scope and timing of repair work, improve road conditions and traffic safety, and subsequently ensure the traffic capacity of the motorway in accordance with the design category based on the level of traffic congestion both within a single region and along transport corridors and logistics routes passing through the territory of Ukraine. For different categories of motorways and the financial capabilities of service organizations or balance holders, automatic counters, video recording and video recording, as well as the method of visual control and accounting of vehicles, currently exist and are widely used to determine traffic intensity and the composition of traffic flow. To achieve the set goal, traffic was recorded visually for both directions at temporary recording points from a vehicle. Preference is given to visual traffic intensity accounting, since automated devices have limited capabilities for classifying vehicles by type. The results of a study on the accounting of vehicles on state highways within the Kharkiv region and on the approaches to the regional center, the city of Kharkiv, are presented, and a methodology for calculating the actual values of the number of vehicles to the indicators of average annual daily traffic intensity is given.
traffic intensity, traffic flow composition, motorway, road index, visual accounting, automated accounting.
Use of geospatial data for sustainable development of territorial communities
This article highlights the crucial role of geospatial data and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in ensuring the sustainable development of Ukrainian territorial communities. The urgency of this issue is underscored by the need to implement tasks outlined in regulatory acts concerning the development of the national geospatial data infrastructure (NGDI), the creation of urban planning documentation (including comprehensive spatial development plans), the establishment of an urban planning cadastre system, and the execution of monitoring. The article explores the potential of geospatial data for in-depth territorial analysis, identifying problems and opportunities, and efficient planning of infrastructure and resource utilization. As an example of practical implementation, it presents the experience of the Shpanivska Village Council in the Rivne region, which created a geoinformation environment based on QGIS software as a preparatory stage for developing a Comprehensive Spatial Development Plan for their territory. The community effectively processed materials by using a geodatabase template in GeoPackage format, developed as part of a crowdsourcing project and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 license. At the same time, the article points out existing challenges associated with the use of geospatial data, including risks related to data confidentiality and security, as well as the absence of unified standards, which complicates data integration. To overcome these challenges, it is proposed to ensure data standardization and interoperability, develop effective mechanisms for data protection, and provide training for qualified specialists. The article concludes that the implementation of geospatial technologies is a necessary condition for the sustainable development of territorial communities, enabling informed decision-making, optimizing resource utilization, and improving the quality of life for community residents.
sustainable development of the territory of the territorial community, geospatial data, spatial planning, draft urban planning documentation at the local level, urban planning cadastre.
Influence of bitumen binder compounding on the properties of slurry surfacing
The possibility of using compounded bituminous binders for the production of cationic bituminous emulsions, as a component in slurry surfacing mix, was investigated. Compounding was carried out by mixing a base 70/100 bitumen from PKN Orlen, produced from light crude oil, with 70/100 and 100/150 distilled bitumens from Nynas (Sweden), produced from heavy crude oil. Additionally, the base bitumen was mixed with pre-prepared acidic pitch (Hrybovychi, Lviv region). The study examined the properties of the acidic pitch and the main physical and mechanical characteristics of the compounded binders, including their acid numbers. For the production of cationic bituminous emulsions, both compounded and non-compounded binders were used for comparison. The composition of the bituminous emulsion also included a cationic emulsifier (amine-based), hydrochloric acid, and potable water. Emulsions were prepared using a laboratory bitumen–emulsion unit of the colloid mill type. Slurry surfacing mixtures were produced using emulsion binders, potable water, Portland cement grade PC II/A-Ш-400, and a breaking regulator in the form of a 10% wt. solution of the emulsifier used for the preparation of the cationic bituminous emulsions. The slurry surfacing mixtures were tested for mixture breakdown, material loss during wet abrasive wear, and cohesion strength parameters, specifically the onset of cohesion strength development, the express indicator of mixture formation, and the failure types NS and SS (allowing determination of transport opening with and without restrictions, respectively). The study demonstrated that effective compounding options include a ratio of distilled bitumen from heavy crude oil to bitumen from light crude oil of 50% wt. to 50% wt., and the addition of 10–15% wt. acidic pitch to the bitumen from light crude oil.
compounding, light and heavy crude oils, acid tar, bituminous emulsions, cement, slurry surfacing mixtures.
Research on the influence of plasticization and fractionation of granulate on the properties of the material produced by cold recycling technology
Traditionally, pavement repair is carried out by leveling the pavement with an asphalt concrete mixture and installing an additional wear layer. The article focuses on the issues of the technology of cold regeneration of asphalt concrete, which consists in grinding the coating material (in some cases with the capture of part of the base) mainly by cold milling. Cold regeneration of asphalt concrete pavements differs favorably from traditional repair methods, primarily in its cost-effectiveness. This technology allows the most effective use of the material of the old road surface, eliminating cracks in the old coating to the full or most of the depth, which slows down the appearance of cracks in the new coating. In addition, carrying out work without heating the material causes minimal damage to the environment. An essential feature of such materials is the dependence of their properties on the structure, which is determined by the number and quality of asphalt concrete granulate grains, their mutual arrangement and the nature of the connections between them. Regarding mixtures made using cold recycling technology, an important direction of regulating the process of their structure formation in order to increase density is to increase the processability of the mixture in the compaction process by reducing the strength of contacts and improving the mobility of granules. The condition for achieving the most dense packing of granules is to achieve their greatest mobility at the stage of forming the structure of the material by plasticization. In the structure formation of mixtures made using cold recycling technology, an important role is played by crystallization contacts formed during the hardening of cement, which is introduced together with water and forms a cement dough or paste. The work analyzed various options for the compositions of mixtures made using cold recycling technology, based on asphalt concrete granulate without addition and with the addition of cement in the range from 1.5% to 6%. and plasticizer in an amount of 0.02-0.04% of the mass of cement. When adding an aqueous solution of plasticizer, the strength of the milled material is almost 1.5 times greater than in compositions without plasticizer.
capital repairs, regeneration, asphalt concrete granulate, plasticization, cement, strength
Optimization of building structure design using probability distributions
The article examines the application of probabilistic models for optimizing the design of building structures under operational uncertainty, a challenge of increasing importance in modern engineering. Unlike traditional deterministic methods, the probabilistic approach enables more realistic predictions of structural degradation by accounting for variable loads, material heterogeneity, environmental fluctuations, and stochastic wear processes. Using open-source materials science datasets and numerical simulations conducted in Python, the study analyzes the behavior of steel, concrete, and partially timber structures through the Weibull distribution and the exponential distribution. The Weibull model proved highly effective for representing fatigue failures in steel elements across different load levels, allowing early assessment of failure risks. The exponential distribution accurately reflected long-term deterioration trends in concrete structures, particularly under temperature extremes and elevated humidity. Additional reliability indicators – including hazard function, reliability function, and probability density of performance characteristics – were employed to evaluate long-term durability and determine optimal material usage boundaries. A comparative analysis of steel, concrete, and timber confirmed that steel remains the most reliable option for heavily loaded and safety-critical structures, while concrete offers a cost-effective solution for medium-load applications, and timber performs adequately only in stable environmental conditions. The findings demonstrate that integrating probabilistic methods into structural design significantly improves prediction accuracy, reduces the likelihood of operational failures, and supports more informed material selection aligned with expected service conditions.
probability distributions, structural design, Weibull distribution, optimization, material durability, risk assessment, strength, wear.
The use of structural wood-based panel materials in construction
The article analyses the use of wood as a structural building material, as well as its derivatives – board materials (plywood, OSB, MDF). Their main characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages are considered. Wood remains a popular material in construction due to a number of unique properties. Its advantages include: environmental friendliness (renewable resource), low thermal conductivity (high thermal insulation properties, which reduces heating costs), high specific strength (strength-to-weight ratio), ease of processing, etc. However, wood is heterogeneous in structure, prone to deformation due to changes in humidity, vulnerable to biological destruction, and has low fire resistance without special treatment. This requires additional protection and regular maintenance of structures. Wood-based panel materials are the result of technological processing of wood raw materials, which eliminates some of the disadvantages of natural wood and allows the use of production waste. Panel materials have a number of significant advantages over natural wood and other materials. In particular, these are: high structural stability (thanks to pressing and gluing, they have a stable shape and are less prone to deformation, swelling, or warping under the influence of humidity changes); high specific strength and rigidity; efficient use of resources (wood waste can be used, increasing the environmental efficiency of production); manufacturability and speed of installation (the boards are easy to process and have standardized dimensions, which reduces construction time and the amount of waste on the construction site); heat and sound insulation (multilayer structures ensure high energy efficiency of buildings). Despite these shortcomings, due to chemical and mechanical treatment and proper structural protection, wood and its derivatives are advantageous materials that successfully compete with other structural materials, especially in low-rise and energy-efficient construction.
wood, board materials, plywood, chipboard, particleboard, physical and mechanical properties
Legal mechanisms for integrating Ukrainian urban planning legislation into the EU acquis communautaire: problems and harmonization priorities
This article provides a detailed analysis of the legal instruments and mechanisms that are essential for the successful integration of Ukrainian urban planning legislation into the European Union's acquis communautaire. The research is based on a thorough comparison of the provisions of the Law of Ukraine No. 3038-VI "On the Regulation of Urban Planning Activities" (dated February 17, 2011, with subsequent amendments) with key EU regulatory acts, namely: Directive 2011/92/EU "On the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment", Directive 2001/42/EC "On the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment", and Regulation (EC) No 1082/2006 on a European grouping of territorial cooperation (EGTC). The study identifies significant shortcomings and discrepancies that impede harmonisation. In particular, there are difficulties in implementing an integrated approach to spatial planning, as current legal acts, despite certain positive developments (such as Article 17 of Law No. 3038-VI, which regulates general plans), do not ensure proper coordination between planning documents at different levels. Insufficient integration of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) procedures has been identified, manifesting in their fragmented application and the lack of a unified methodological basis, which contradicts the requirements of Directives 2011/92/EU (for projects) and 2001/42/EC (for plans and programmes). A characteristic example of non-compliance is the absence of explicit provisions for considering transboundary impact in Ukrainian EIA procedures. The limited digitalisation of urban planning processes, despite progress in creating the Unified State Electronic System in the Construction Sector, still does not meet the criteria of the INSPIRE Directive 2007/2/EC on the infrastructure for spatial information in the European Community, particularly regarding data interoperability and openness. Another problematic aspect is the insufficient level of public participation in decision-making, as the existing mechanisms (e.g., public hearings provided for in Article 21 of Law No. 3038-VI) are often formal and do not guarantee real influence on the outcome. Furthermore, institutional challenges are considered, including the low efficiency of coordination between the Ministry for Communities, Territories and Infrastructure Development of Ukraine and the State Inspectorate for Architecture and Urban Planning of Ukraine, as well as with local self-government bodies in the field of spatial development. This leads to discrepancies in law enforcement practices and delays in approval procedures. In this regard, key directions for harmonisation are proposed: the development of a unified comprehensive legislative act that would consolidate and improve the norms of spatial planning and development, taking into account the EU's sustainable development principles. It is also necessary to strengthen environmental standards and fully implement all provisions of Directives 2011/92/EU and 2001/42/EC, including the development of detailed by-laws and methodological guidelines. The implementation of comprehensive digital platforms for urban planning documentation and permit procedures, in accordance with the INSPIRE principles and the "single window" concept, is critically important. It is proposed to expand mandatory forms of public participation, including at the early stages of planning, and to ensure full access to information, as provided for by the Aarhus Convention. The successful implementation of these priorities, provided that an effective compliance monitoring system is established (for example, through annual reports by the Ministry for Communities, Territories and Infrastructure Development of Ukraine), will contribute to sustainable territorial development, increased investment attractiveness of Ukraine, and the assurance of high environmental standards in the context of full-scale European integration.
urban planning legislation, European integration, spatial planning, environmental impact assessment, strategic environmental assessment.
Experimental and modeling study of moisture transfer processes in sandwich panels with basalt insulation under moderate climate conditions of Ukraine
Ensuring the durability and energy efficiency of building envelope structures is one of the key tasks of modern construction. Current requirements for the energy performance of buildings necessitate the use of thermal insulation materials with stable characteristics throughout their service life [1,2]. One of the most common materials used for external envelope structures is mineral wool based on basalt fibers, which combines low thermal conductivity, non-combustibility, and environmental safety [3,4]. One of the factors influencing the loss of thermal insulation properties is the accumulation of moisture and condensation within the panel thickness. Basalt insulation, having a high level of vapor permeability, can perform effectively only when adequate moisture removal is ensured [5,6]. However, numerous studies indicate that under the influence of moisture and temperature fluctuations, significant changes occur in the thermal and mechanical properties of fibrous insulations. During operation, these materials accumulate moisture due to condensation and frost formation, which reduces their efficiency, causes deformations, and accelerates structural degradation. Therefore, the search for a rational panel design that ensures effective moisture removal without reducing thermal insulation performance remains an urgent task. This paper investigates the influence of the structural features of sandwich panels with basalt insulation on the intensity of moisture transfer and drying processes under the conditions of Ukraine’s temperate climate. Modeling was performed for three types of panels with different internal layer configurations: without a ventilation layer, with micro-ventilation channels, and with a drainage layer. Using numerical simulation, the dependence of moisture content on time was obtained, followed by a comparative analysis and calculation of the integral indicator (AUC). It was established that the presence of ventilation and drainage elements significantly accelerates the process of moisture removal, thereby increasing the operational durability of the panels.
panel, basalt insulation, moisture transfer, condensation, modeling, thermal protection.
Stone, Bronze and Concrete: Materials that Unite Architecture and Sculpture
This article examines the interrelation between architecture and sculpture through the lens of materials: stone, bronze, and concrete, which serve as universal carriers of both structural and artistic properties. A comprehensive analysis of contemporary practices in the use of these materials in public and urban environments is presented, taking into account their physical, mechanical, and aesthetic characteristics, as well as processing technologies and methods of form-making. It has been established that each material plays a specific role: stone provides massiveness, stability, and monumentality; bronze offers detail, plasticity, and dynamic expression; concrete enables scale, form-making freedom, and integration of architectural and sculptural components. The study employs interdisciplinary methods, including comparative materials analysis, morphological and spatial-compositional evaluation, visual-aesthetic assessment, and case studies of contemporary objects. Current trends in integrating art and architecture are explored, particularly in urban installations, memorial complexes, and façade plasticity, which contribute to forming a cohesive system that is both aesthetically and structurally justified. The results emphasize the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to material selection and application, as materials simultaneously determine structural parameters and the artistic perception of space. The findings may be valuable for architects, designers, restorers, sculptors, and urban space researchers seeking to harmonize technology and artistic expression in contemporary projects. Materials that unite architecture and sculpture are interpreted not only as technical resources but also as carriers of cultural memory and identity, capable of transforming space and generating new approaches to its artistic interpretation.
architecture, sculpture, material, stone, bronze, concrete, space, form, aesthetics.
The influence of the external environment of the strength and durability of building metal structures and load-bearing elements of construction equipment
The article considers the influence of corrosive and aggressive factors of the external environment, namely different types of soils, on the strength and durability of building metal structures and load-bearing metal elements of construction equipment. It is noted that the complex action of temperature fluctuations, humidity, chemically active components and dynamic loads causes a gradual decrease in the strength of metals, which results in the development of corrosion fatigue cracks. The patterns of the corrosion rate under the condition of contact of metal elements with different types of soils, differing in composition, structure, humidity and degree of aeration, were studied. In the process of research, a complex of experimental methods was used, which include: gravimetric, potentiometric and microscopic analysis, which allowed to assess the corrosion rate, electrochemical activity of the environment, as well as the nature of damage to metal samples. Based on the results obtained, a classification of soil types was carried out according to the level of their corrosion activity, which made it possible to establish the most aggressive types (swamp, peat, silt and clay soils), as well as soils with minimal corrosion impact (sandy and limestone). The results obtained indicate that the correct and timely assessment of the value of the corrosion activity of soils is one of the main factors determining the durability of construction metal structures and metal elements of construction equipment. Establishing the level of aggressiveness of the soil environment allows not only to predict the rate of corrosion processes, but also to make a reasonable choice of structural materials, methods of their protection and types of coating, which will ensure long-term resistance to the influence of the external environment. Thus, the use of a systematic approach to assessing the corrosion activity of soils is an important element of engineering design and technical maintenance of construction sites and construction equipment. Which, in turn, ensures increased reliability, reduced risks of emergencies, and a long-term extension of the safe operation of building metal structures and construction equipment.
building metal structures, construction equipment, metal corrosion, soil corrosion, soil corrosion activity, strength, durability.
Mechanical performance and fracture behaviour of roller compacted concrete with organo-mineral additives
In recent years, Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) has gained increasing attention in pavement construction due to its economic advantages, rapid placement, and the ability to utilize locally available materials. Despite the long history of RCC application worldwide, its use in Ukraine remains limited, which highlights the need for further research and adaptation of this technology to local conditions. An important direction of modern studies is the development of RCC mix designs incorporating partial cement replacement with active mineral additives and the use of a complex plasticizing admixture. This approach aligns with current trends aimed at reducing cement consumption, lowering energy demand, and decreasing CO₂ emissions, thereby contributing to more sustainable and environmentally responsible construction practices. This paper presents the results of experimental investigations of the mechanical properties and microstructure of RCC produced using locally sourced materials. The research methodology included optimizing the mix composition, determining workability parameters, and conducting comprehensive tests on hardened concrete specimens. The results demonstrated that the combined action of the chemical admixture and fly ash promotes densification of the cement matrix, activates hydration processes, and leads to the formation of additional hydration products, resulting in a more uniform and dense microstructure. The optimized RCC mix modified with a superplasticizer and fly ash exhibits a significant increase in compressive and flexural strengths compared to the reference composition. The findings confirm the effectiveness of organo-mineral additives in improving the mechanical performance and durability of RCC, supporting the feasibility of broader implementation of this technology in Ukrainian pavement and industrial construction.
roller compacted concrete (RCC), fly ash, superplasticizer, сompressive strength, cement replacement.