Features of the calculation of one-story industrial frame buildings for the effect of a karst collapse
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36910/6775-2410-6208-2025-14(24)-05Keywords:
karst sinkhole, structural protection, strip foundation, calculation scheme, calculation methodologyAbstract
The article considers the problem of building karst areas with industrial frame buildings, analyzes the distribution of karst both in Ukraine and on all continents. Karst effects on buildings are dangerous. Construction and operation experience has shown the possibility of ensuring the reliability of both individual buildings and the construction of industrial enterprises in areas with karst-suffosis processes.
The development of industrial construction in karst areas necessitates the development of special structural systems and anti-karst protective solutions that ensure the reliability and safety of building operation under conditions of uncertainty about the location of possible failures and their impact on the foundations.
The main requirements for the application of structural measures to protect industrial frame buildings are considered, with an emphasis on the preferential use of strip monolithic foundations under rows of columns.
A method for calculating the stress-strain state of the longitudinal frame of a one-story frame house erected on a strip foundation under the influence of a karst sinkhole that occurs in the least favorable position - under the column support.
Formulas are presented by which bending moments and subsidences are determined, both in the area of loss of contact of the strip foundation sole with the base and beyond it. Based on the obtained formulas, a numerical analysis was performed showing that the maximum values of the additional bending moment in the column support section with sinkhole diameters of 4...10 m from the longitudinal force in the column correspond to the sinkhole asymmetry of 0.37...0.4, for a uniformly distributed load from the weight of the foundation and soil on the ledges - 0.2.
The conditions under which the calculation must be carried out taking into account the stiffness of the frame superfoundation structures are determined. For the case when the column is above the center of the sinkhole, an expression is presented from which the limiting diameter of the karst sinkhole can be found.
It is noted that for sinkholes of more than 10 m, it is necessary to introduce additional structural protection elements in the foundation part - braces, beams, vertical ties on the columns.
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